역비중침강법을 이용한 폐PCB 연삭분진의 금속성분 분리
Separation of Metal Components from Abrasion Powder by Using Reverse of Gravity Sedimentation Method
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초록
WPCB에 포함된 주요금속(Cu, Fe), 귀금속(Au, Ag)뿐만 아니라 미량의 금속성분을 회수하고 유해금속의 처리효율을 증가시키기 위한 연구로, 본 연구그룹에서는 기계적 연삭법을 이용해 전기전자부품을 탈거시키는 연구를 발표하였다. 폐PCB는 연삭처리를 통해, 부품이 탈거된 기판(dismantled PCB), 탈거된 전기전자부품(electric/electronic components, EECs) 그리고 연삭분진(abrasion powder)으로 회수되었다. 본 연구에서는 금속성분이 29.8wt% 함유된 연삭분진으로부터 금속성분을 분리하기 위해 역비중침강법(Elutriation method, reverse of gravity sedimentation)을 이용하였다. +100 mesh 분진의 경우, 액상매질 상승속도 7 mm/s, 튜브높이 100 mm 에서 금속품위 91.5%, 회수율 97.5%로 회수가 가능하였고, 반면에 ‒200 mesh구간 분진의 경우는 액상매질 상승 속도 및 튜브의 높이 변화에 따른 금속성분의 품위 및 회수율의 차이가 거의 나타나지 않았으며 액상매질 상승속도 1 mm/s, 튜브 높이 100 mm조건에서 35.7%의 금속품위 및 28.9%의 회수율을 나타내었다. 이는 연삭분진의 입자크기가 작아짐에 따라 금속/비금속성분 입자간 종말 침강속도의 차이가 감소되어 액상매질과 동시에 동반 부유된 결과로 판단된다.
Abstract
In previous research, our research group has studied about disassembly of electric/electronic components from wasted printed circuit boards (WPCBs) by using surface grinding method. During this procedure, 13.9 wt% of WPCBs was occurred to abrasion powders, which contained a mess of metals about 29.8 wt%. As a subsequent research, the authors have tested for elutriation method (reverse of gravity sedimentation) to separation of metal phase components from the abrasion powder. As for the range of +100 mesh size in abrasion powder, 97.5 wt% of metals could be recovered at a 7 mm/s of upward-velocity in liquid-phase medium, the tube height of 100 mm. whereas, in the case of +100 mesh size in powder, metal recovery decreases with a decrease of powder sizes. And also, in the case of ‒200 mesh, the recovery was 28.9% at a velocity of 1 mm/s, the tube height of 100 mm. This implies the settling velocity and its gap between metal and non-metal components decrease in proportion to their sizes.
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