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인도네시아식 민주주의 : 그 담론의 함의와 골롱안 (Golongan) 정치

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동남아연구소 (Center for Southeast Asian Studies)|2009.02|동남아연구|제18권 제2호|pp. 127-174|DOI 10.21485/hufsea.2009.18.2.005

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참고문헌

주제분류학제간연구

초록

Abstract

The Indonesian-style democracy, or more frequently referred to as the Pancasila Democracy, never attracted serious attention in previous scholarship due to the general belief that this political system was merely Suharto's political tool to justify his authoritarian rule. Yet, currently the concerns on the divisiveness of society with the clashing interests of various golongans (societal groups) made this old discourse bounce back to the public discussion as a useful alternative of liberal democracy. Although politically manipulated to some degree during the New Order period, the fundamental aims of the Indonesian-style democracy lied in transcending primordially or ideologically divisive golongan mentality and constructing new common “traditions” and culture based upon civic values. Sukarno and Suharto developed further mechanisms to embody this goal including installing functional group representatives (Golongan Karya) and conducting public indoctrination courses. Yet, these systems were not successfully operated due to the public distrust of the regimes and persistent reaction of various societal groups, which were marginalized in the concepts of the Pancasila Democracy. In spite of this failure, the current revival of the public interest on this system proves that this system has some constructive motives and mechanisms, which are useful to understand better the Indonesian society.

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