국내 육성 옥수수 품종의 곡실 성분 특성
Characterization of Chemical Compositions on Kernel of Korean Maize Hybrids
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우리나라에서 사용량의 대부분을 수입하고 있는 일반옥수수의 국내 개발 품종을 식용 및 가공용으로 이용하기 위한 연구는매우 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구는 국내에서 육성한 옥수수 품종의이용성 제고를 위하여 마치종 6품종, 중간종 2품종, 그리고 반경립종 3품종의 일반성분 함량, 전분 함량과 아미노산 및 지방산조성을 분석하였고 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 옥수수 품종의 평균 단백질 함량은 10.3% 였고, 단백질함량이 가장 높은 품종은 장다옥(11.5%), 가장 낮은 품종은평강옥(9.0%) 이었다. 반경립종 품종(10.8%)이 마치종 품종(10.0%) 보다 단백질 함량이 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 2. 지방 함량은 평균 4.6% 였으며, 광평옥(5.6%)이 가장 높은지방 함량을 가지는 품종이었고, 평강옥과 양안옥(4.0%)이 가장낮은 품종이었다 반경립종 품종(4.7%)의 지방 함량이 중간종품종(4.3%)에 비해 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 3. 회분 함량은 1.3~1.6% 범위였는데, 청안옥의 회분 함량이가장 높았고 장다옥이 가장 낮았다. 반경립종 품종(1.6%)이 마치종과 중간종 품종 보다 회분 함량이 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 4. 전분 함량은 평균 65.7% 였고, 청안옥(70.9%)이 전분 함량이 가장 높았고 장다옥(51.4%)이 가장 낮았다. 배유 특성간전분 함량은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 5. 아미노산 조성은 glutamic acid가 27.28~28.68%로 가장높았고 다음으로 proline, alanine, aspartic acid 순이었다. 지방산 조성은 linoleic acid와 oleic acid가 약 80%를 차지하고, palmitic acid, stearic acid, 그리고 linolenic acid 순으로 구성되어 있었다. 옥수수 품종 중에서 청다옥, 광평옥과 청안옥이 oleic acid 조성이 높았고, 광평옥과 강다옥이 포화지방산 조성이 높은품종이었다
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the proximate contents and compositions of amino acids and fatty acids in Korean 6 dent, 2 intermediate, and 3 semiflint maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids. The protein content of 11 Korean maize hybrids ranged from 9.0% (Pyeonggangok) to 11.5% (Jangdaok). The crude fat content varied from 4.0% (Pyeonggangok and Yanganok) to 5.6% (Kwangpyeongok), and the crude ash content was 1.3 (Jangdaok) ~ 1.6% (Cheonganok). Total starch contents of maize hybrids were determined in the range of 51.4% (Jangdaok) to 70.9% (Cheonganok). Major amino acid in maize varieties were glutamic acid (27.28~28.68%) and followed by proline, alanine, and aspartic acid. Fatty acid were mainly composed of oleic acid (C18:1, 23.55~31.47%) and linoleic acid (C18:2, 47.55~56.64%) in maize hybrids. Cheonganok, Cheongdaok, and Kwangpyeongok had high oleic acid composition among Korean maize hybrids. Also, Gangdaok and Kwangpyeongok had high composition of saturated fatty acid. Because kernel composition affects maize quality, it is important data for the maize breeding program and food processing.
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