조선전기 과시의 신설과정

Abstract

This study is to follow the estabishment of Gua-Si in 15C-16C of Jo-Seon Dynasty. Gua-Si means the test which evaluates the students, selects some ones and gives the incentive to enter themselves for the second or the last stage of national examination for recruiting bureaucrats. Conclusions are as follows. First, in 15C, only two Gua-Sis were established. Those were Chun-Chu-Gua-Si and Do-Hue. The former was for the students of Seong-Gyun-Gwan(National University) and the second was for the students of Sa-Hak(National Secondary Schools) and Hyang-Gyo(Public Distruct Schools). Second, in 16C, many new Gua-Sis appeared. For example, Jeon-Si․Jeon-Gang(for Seong-Gyun-Gwan), Yun-Gang․Yung-Cha (for Seong-Gyun-Gwan and Sa-Hak) and Seung-Bo(for Sa-Hak) were instituted. And the former Gua-Sis, eg. Chun-Chu-Gua-Si and Do-Hue were strengthened. Third, the factor of the increasing Gua-Sis was the educational policy which balanced the educuation of philosophy and literature. But the cognition of the educational authorities which guaranteed the autonomy of the students more deeply influenced the process. In short, Gua-Si was the product of the educational ado in the 15C-16C of Jo-Seon Dynasty.