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소아 신장질환에서 소변 내 산화질소의 변화

Changes in Urinary Nitric Oxide in Pediatric Renal Diseases

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참고문헌

주제분류소아과학

초록

목 적 : 본 연구는 소아신장질환에서 소변 내 산화질소(NO)의 배설이 변화 되는가 또한 소변 내 NO가 소아 신장질환의 조직학적 원인 및 섬유화 여부를 추정하는데 사용될 수 있는가를 알아보았다. 방 법 : 고대구로병원 소아신장 클리닉에 다니는 방광 요관 역류(VUR) 환아 16명, 미세 변화 신 증후군(MCNS) 환아 32명을 대상으로 하였다. 대조군은 신장 질환이 없는 환아 12명으로 하였다. 소변은 채취 즉시 원심 분리한 후, 상청액을 분리하여 Griess 반응으로 아질산염(NO2)과 질산염(NO3)농도를 측정하였고 Jaffe 방법으로 크레아티닌(Cr)을 측정하여 소변 내(NO2+NO3)/Cr 농도비를 구하여 질환별로 집단 간의 차이를 비교하였다. 또한, MCNS 군에서는 재발 및 단백뇨의 정도와, VUR 군에서는 신반흔의 유무 및 역류의 정도와 소변 내(NO2+NO3)/Cr 비율의 차이를 각각 비교하였다. 결 과 : VUR군과 MCNS 환아 군 모두 대조군에 비해 소변 내(NO2+NO3)/Cr 값이 통계적으로 의미 있게 높았다. MCNS군의 경우 진단 후 첫 1년간 4회 이상 재발했던 빈번 재발 군 이 4회 미만의 군보다, 단백뇨 1+ 이상이었던 군이 단백뇨 trace 이하인 군보다 소변 내(NO2+NO3) /Cr 값이 통계적으로 의미 있게 높았다. VUR군에서는 신장 반흔이 있는 경우가 없는 경우보다 소변 내(NO2+NO3)/Cr 값이 통계적으로 의미 있게 높았으나, 역류의 정도와는 관련이 없었다. 결 론 : VUR과 MCNS의 발생, 특히 단백뇨의 발생기전에 NO가 관여할 가능성이 있으며, 요로감염 후 신장 내 반흔의 형성에도 NO가 관여할 것으로 사료된다.

Abstract

Purpose : Nitric oxide(NO) is a very potent vasodilator synthesized from L-arginine by endothelial cells. We investigated whether urinary NO excretion was altered in various renal diseases in children and whether urinary NO excretion could be used in predicting pathologic causes and fibrosis in renal diseases in children. Methods : We recruited 48 patients(32 minimal change nephrotic syndrome[MCNS] and 16 vesicoureteral reflux[VUR] patients) from the pediatric renal clinic in Korea University Guro Hospital. We measured the concentration of nitrite(NO2) and nitrate(NO3) by Griess reaction and that of creatinine(Cr) by Jaffe method in randomized spot urines. We then analyzed the urinary(NO2+NO3)/Cr ratios and compared the values between each patient group. Urinary (NO2+NO3)/Cr ratios were also evaluated according to the recurrence and the degree of proteinuria at sampling in the MCNS group and compared according to the presence of renal scarring and the grade of reflux in the VUR group. Results : The ratios of urinary(NO2+NO3)/Cr were significantly increased in the VUR and MCNS groups, as compared to the control group. In the MCNS group, a higher level of urine (NO2+NO3)/Cr was observed in frequent relapse patients(relapse over four times within one year after first diagnosis) and the patients with severe proteinuria at sampling, respectively. The VUR group with renal scars also showed a higher level of urinary(NO2+NO3)/Cr compared to that without scars. Conclusions : In summary, NO may play a role in the pathogenesis of VUR and MCNS. NO also seems to affect proteinuria and renal scar formation.

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