궁정식 사랑의 노래: 유혹의 언어
Courtly Love Poetry: Language for Seduction
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Courtly Love is a forbidden affair usually between a noble bachelor and a married lady. That is why the relationship is aristocratic, secret, platonic or adulterous. However, though illicit, in courtly love a woman, as an ennobling spiritual and moral force, can exert a favorable influence on men, a civilizing effect on knightly behavior. In essence, courtly love is a contradictory experience between sexual desire and spiritual fulfillment. Nevertheless, many readers are suspicious of the motives because courtly love is a product of medieval Europe that is characterized by its misogyny. "With the word the garment entered," Tertullian declares, implying that language is a kind of decorative covering like flamboyant dress. Medieval and Renaissance courtly love poems, written mostly by male poets, present a uniform situation in which a forlorn lover is desperately trying to woo his cruel but idolized mistress. However, poems written by women poets reveal that such tears and sighs are nothing but crocodile tears. Isabella Whitney's dejected heroine warns, "Beware of fair and painted talk, / beware of flattering tongues"; Aphra Behn's libertine confesses, "I never vow'd nor sigh'd in vain, / But both, tho' false, were well received; / The fair are pleased to give us pain, / And what they wish is soon believed: / And tho' I talk'd of wounds and smart, / Love's pleasures only touch'd my heart."
Abstract
Courtly Love is a forbidden affair usually between a noble bachelor and a married lady. That is why the relationship is aristocratic, secret, platonic or adulterous. However, though illicit, in courtly love a woman, as an ennobling spiritual and moral force, can exert a favorable influence on men, a civilizing effect on knightly behavior. In essence, courtly love is a contradictory experience between sexual desire and spiritual fulfillment. Nevertheless, many readers are suspicious of the motives because courtly love is a product of medieval Europe that is characterized by its misogyny. "With the word the garment entered," Tertullian declares, implying that language is a kind of decorative covering like flamboyant dress. Medieval and Renaissance courtly love poems, written mostly by male poets, present a uniform situation in which a forlorn lover is desperately trying to woo his cruel but idolized mistress. However, poems written by women poets reveal that such tears and sighs are nothing but crocodile tears. Isabella Whitney's dejected heroine warns, "Beware of fair and painted talk, / beware of flattering tongues"; Aphra Behn's libertine confesses, "I never vow'd nor sigh'd in vain, / But both, tho' false, were well received; / The fair are pleased to give us pain, / And what they wish is soon believed: / And tho' I talk'd of wounds and smart, / Love's pleasures only touch'd my heart."
참고문헌 (21)
- Andreas Capellanus, "The Art of Courtly Love" (1990), New York: Columbia UP
- Bear, Risa S, "ntroduction"
- Benson, Larry D, "Courtly Love and Chivalry in the Later Middle Ages", pp.237~257 (1984)
- Bloch, R. Howard, "Medieval Misogyny", pp.1~24 (1989)
- Clare, Janet, "Women's Writing in the Renaissance and Reformation"
- "http:", renforum, pp.v1no1, clare.htm
- Daniel, Samuel, "Fair is my love, and cruel as she's fair"
- Dante Alighieri, "My Lady"
- "http:", a, pp.my_lady_carries_love_within_her_eyes.html
- Denomy, Alexander, "The Heresy of Courtly Love" (1947), New York: D. X. McMullen
- Lewis, C. S., "The Allegory of Love: A Study in Medieval Tradition" (1936)
- Schleiner,Louise, "Tudor and Stuart Women Writers" (1994), Indiana UP
- Tertullian, "On the Pallium", Early Christian Writings
- "http:", text, pp.tertullian26.html
- Tertullian, "On the Apparel of Women"
- Valency,Maurice, "In Praise of Love:An Introduction to the Love Poetry of the Renaissance" (1961), New York: Macmillan
- Waller, Gary F, "Watch, Gaze, and Marke': The Poetry of Mary Wroth" (1993)
- Whitney, Isabella, "Selected Poetry of Isabella Whitney"
- Wroth, Lady Mary, "Selected Poems of Lady Mary Wroth"
- "http:", english, pp.phoenix, wrothpoems1.htm
- "Courtly Love Poetry: Language for Seduction"