발화(發話)하는 죽음, 면천(免賤) 조이[召史]의 명정(銘旌)

Abstract

This article is a process of narratively reconstructing the life ignited by the death of Kwak Jo-yi, focusing on Kwak Jo-yi's famous painting “免賤海南召史之柩” excavated from the tomb site in Kwaebin-ri, Goryeong. Kwak Jo-yi’s memorial ceremony (銘旌式) “免賤+海南+郭+Jo-yi[召史]+之柩” followed the aristocratic woman’s memorial ceremony “封爵+貫鄕+姓+氏+之柩”. According to Myeongjeong, Kwak Jo-yi had a history of breaking away from the status of a low-class citizen, her hometown was Haenam, and it can be seen that she came to be called ‘Jo-yi’, a title for women of the common people, after she was transferred to Myeon. She was the concubine of a noble family named Kwak Jo-yi, and appears to have had considerable property of her own. This is because the style of Kwak Jo-yi's tomb is a walled tomb mainly used by the noble class, and the excavated clothing and crown items are similar to those of the wives of noble families. In addition, the fact that her height is equal to the average height of a man and her teeth are in fairly good condition can prove that she is financially well-off. Kwak Jo-yi's famous speech is interpreted as a polyphonic speech act, and voices from various positions can be inferred from it. Firstly, Kwak Jo-yi, who was her concubine but contributed economically to her family and passed on her property to her enemy children, was treated with respect no higher than that of her first wife. It's a voice. The second is the voice of her biological children, who may have tried to announce that she was not the illegitimate child of a concubine, but the illegitimate child of a concubine, by revealing her mother's history in her royal address. The last is Kwak Jo-yi's own voice, as she attempted to define her own life through her will. Myeongjeong's nine letters contribute to the narrative reconstruction of Kwak Jo-yi's life with a multi-layered and polyphonic voice, while at the same time testifying to the social situation of her time. These nine letters are small fragments dropped by great history, but within them we can discover voices that read the relationship between women and the times. We hope that this discussion will be deepened and expanded in the future through additional tomb excavations and research on family records in the area.