4차 산업혁명 시대 선진 응급의료체계 구축을 위한 법제 개선 연구

Abstract

As witnessed in the COVID-19 pandemic, a public healthcare crisis threatens and strangles the functionality and capacity of a normal healthcare system in terms of punctuality due to massive patient numbers and unpredictability. Even European countries with sophisticated public medical systems and the United States with superior high-tech medical technology, were helpless against a novel infectious disease. Our country also suffered with the shortage sin medical personnel, decompression facilities, and medical equipment when there was a surge in the infected. This lead to deaths for patients waiting for a hospital transfer or during quarantine, and medical professionals infecting fellow medical personnel, testing the limit on the current emergency medical system. Based on this, the healthcare sector around the world is focusing on converting this COVID-19 crisis into an opportunity for the development of Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies such as AI, IoT, big data, robots, and blockchain. However, the overall legislative review of the rapidly changing environment of the emergency medical system and the introduction of new technologies is inadequate. If a patients’ medical information and the information of the medical staff and infrastructure of the hospital collected before an emergency situation is shared securely and quickly, it can prevent medical accidents and can decrease the death/injury rate during transfer with the application of appropriate first-aids. In other words, the Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies can dramatically decrease the death/injury rate by saving and sending information securely and quickly. It can also plan a consistent and safe emergency medical system by efficiently operating the transfer of patients to vacant medical facilities in a disaster or a pandemic. However, the emergency medical information system is constantly reaching its limit due to the lack of discussion on the definition of personal information ownership and information transfer right following the legal nature of emergency medical information, the lack of a overall management legislation on emergency medical information, and the absence of an information standard for the utilization of emergency medical information. This study aims to understand the change in the current emergency medical environment and the limit of the system; show the necessity of the right to own personal information, the right to transfer information, a emergency medical information standard, the basic law for the protection and utilization of emergency medical information, the enactment of an emergency medical information protection act; and to suggest the main contents of the law.