국내 주요 자생 벚나무류의 꽃 형질 및 화분형태 특성 비교
Comparison of Flower Morphological Characteristics and Palynological Characteristics of Native Prunus spp. in South Korea
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초록
조경수로 널리 쓰이고 있는 벚나무속 중 산벚나무(Prunus sargentii), 왕벚나무(Prunus yedoensis), 벚나무(Prunus serrulata var. spontanea), 잔털벚나무(Prunus serrulata var. pubescens), 올벚나무(Prunus pendula)을 중심으로 꽃 형질 및 화분학적 특성을 비교분석하여 수종 간 근연관계및 품종육성을 위한 유용한 자료를 제공하고자 수행하였다. 5 수종에 대한 꽃의 형태적 특성 12형질을 조사하여 다변량분석을 한 결과, 모든 정량적형질특성에서 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다. 주성분 분석 결과 제 3주성분까지 65.2%의 설명력을 나타냈으며, 꽃 형질 특성으로부터 종간 유연관계를파악하는데 있어서는 소화경 길이, 꽃 폭, 꽃잎 폭, 총화경 길이, 꽃잎 길이 등이 중요한 형질로서 높은 기여도를 나타내고 있었으며, 군집분석 결과 벚나무류꽃의 형태적 특성에 의해 크게 3개의 group으로 구분되어짐을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 벚나무류 종간 화분의 외부형태적 특징을 분석한 결과 발아구의형태에서만 차이가 있을 뿐 수종 간 동일한 모두 유사한 형태인 것으로 조사되었다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to provide the basic data for the close relationship status among species and species breeding through a phylogenetic analysis of morphological traits of flower and pollenological characteristics with a focus on Prunus sargentii, Prunus yedoensis, Prunus serrulata var. spontanea, Prunus serrulata var. pubescens and Prunus pendula, the family of cherry trees valued as landscaping trees. The results of multivariate analysis of the 5 species for 12 morphological characteristics of flowers showed that there was a significant difference in all quantitative trait characteristics. The results of the principal component analysis showed 65.2% explanatory power for up to the third main component. In analyzing morphological characteristics between clones and in identifying the close relationship among species from flower characteristics, morphological characteristics such as the length of the digestive system, flower width, petal width, total flower length, and petal length were revealed to be important traits with a high level of contribution. Additionally, the results of cluster analysis showed that the cherry trees can be primarily divided into three groups according to the morphological characteristics. The results of the analysis of external morphological characteristics of the pollen among the species of cherry trees revealed that the species only showed a difference in the form of germination, and they were otherwise identical form among species.
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