제천방언의 음운체계에 대한 세대별 비교 고찰

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the direction and the substance of the phonemic change through the comparison of phoneme in Jecheon dialect between old generation and young generation. For that purpose, firstly the phonetic sounds related to phonemic system of Jecheon dialect, secondly the list of the phonemes were established based on the phonetic sounds, and finally the phonemic systems of different generations were compared by looking into the relationship between the list of phonemes. The consonants that function as a phoneme in Jecheon dialect are nineteen as well as the standard language and do not have difference in generations. But the fricatives ‘ㅅ, ㅆ’ are classified into alveolar sounds considering t palatalization. The monophthongs that have distinctive features in old generation(above seventy) of Jecheon dialect are ten, that is ㅣ, ㅔ, ㅐ, ㅟ, ㅚ, ㅡ, ㅓ, ㅏ, ㅜ, ㅗ. The vowel ‘ㅔ’ and ‘ㅐ’ in the old generation began to lose distinctive features in the position other than syllable initial and gradually expanding to syllable initial position. Also the lip roundness feature of monophthongs ‘ㅟ, ㅚ’ started to be weakened the position other than syllable initial. And the ‘ㅟ’ experienced the weakening before ‘ㅚ’. In the generations under middle ages, ‘ㅟ, ㅚ’ were either diphthongized or changed into unrounded monophthongs ‘ㅣ, ㅔ(E)’ and ‘ㅔ’ and ‘ㅐ’ were neutralized. As a result, the old generation has 10 monophthongs system that rounded and unrounded vowels have coordinating counterpart by tongue front and tongue back vowels. While the generations under middle ages have 7 monophthongs system which consist of tongue front and tongue back vowels that is ㅣ, ㅔ, ㅡ, ㅓ, ㅏ, ㅜ, ㅗ. The difference of monophthongs observed between generations is shown in diphthongs. Accordingly, the old generation has 11 diphthongs that is, ‘ㅖ(je), ㅒ(jɛ), ᆖ(jɨ), ㅕ(jǝ), ㅑ(ja), ㅠ(ju), ㅛ(jo)’ and ‘ㅞ(we), ㅙ(wɛ), ㅝ(wǝ), ㅘ(wa). On the other hand, generations under middle age have 10 diphthongs due to neutralization of ‘ㅖ’ and ‘ㅒ’ into ‘ㅖ([jE])’, the addition of ‘ㅢ(ɨj)’, the loss of diphthong ‘ᆖ(jɨ)’, neutralization of ‘ㅞ’ and ‘ㅙ’ into ‘ㅞ([wE])’ and addition of ‘ㅟ([wi])’. The difference of vowel system observed in different generations was originated from the loss of roundness of ‘ㅟ, ㅚ’ and neutralization of ‘ㅔ, ㅐ’. In old generation of Jecheon dialect, the length is lost in the position other than syllable initial while it functions as phoneme in syllable initial position. And in the generation under middle age, the length that functions as phoneme almost disappeared in any positions except for expressional function.