Second-Birth Intentions of Married Women Based on Socioeconomic and Psychocultural Characteristics
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
South Korea is a country affected by low fertility rates. The purpose of this study is to investigate if employment status of married women or other factors influence the intention of having a second child. One assumes that socio-cultural pressure exists for married couples to have at least one child but the decision whether to have a second child is personal preference. In determination of this personal preference, many variables are taken into consideration; social variables such as household incomes and husband employment status, cultural variables like parent’s instrumental value, and the expected gender of the second child. Because work life plays a large role in Korean society, parenting support variables are also taken into consideration, measured as the husband’s level of participation in child rearing and their workplace parenting support system. Panel data from the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education in 2008 were analyzed using the logistic regression method. This data-set was limited to 677 parents currently having their first and only child. The data-set reveals that when faced with the high costs associated with rearing a second child, instability of husband’s employment, or low expectation of the second child’s gender-intention of subsequent births is markedly lower. In particular, unemployed women are prone to make a decision based on their economic status. It indicates that the Korean government should take differentiated intervention between employed and unemployed married women to overcome the low child birth rate.
Abstract
South Korea is a country affected by low fertility rates. The purpose of this study is to investigate if employment status of married women or other factors influence the intention of having a second child. One assumes that socio-cultural pressure exists for married couples to have at least one child but the decision whether to have a second child is personal preference. In determination of this personal preference, many variables are taken into consideration; social variables such as household incomes and husband employment status, cultural variables like parent’s instrumental value, and the expected gender of the second child. Because work life plays a large role in Korean society, parenting support variables are also taken into consideration, measured as the husband’s level of participation in child rearing and their workplace parenting support system. Panel data from the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education in 2008 were analyzed using the logistic regression method. This data-set was limited to 677 parents currently having their first and only child. The data-set reveals that when faced with the high costs associated with rearing a second child, instability of husband’s employment, or low expectation of the second child’s gender-intention of subsequent births is markedly lower. In particular, unemployed women are prone to make a decision based on their economic status. It indicates that the Korean government should take differentiated intervention between employed and unemployed married women to overcome the low child birth rate.
참고문헌 (25)
- 안재진, "부의 양육참여가 출산 후 초기 모의 양육 스트레스에 미치는 영향 －부부관계의 질을 매개로－", 한국아동복지학, (35), pp.127~158 (2011), 한국아동복지학회
- Social differential in speed-premium effects in childbearing in Sweden, "Anderson, G.", Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, ~, pp.MPIDR Working Paper 2005-027 (2005)
- 배지희, "영유아기 자녀양육 및 교육 지원에 대한 전업주부의 요구", 미래유아교육학회지, 14(1), pp.225~254 (2007), 미래유아교육학회
- Becker, G., "Fertility and the economy", Journal of Population Economics, 5(3), pp.185~201 (1992)
- Brewster, K. L., "Fertility and women’s employment in industrialized nations", Annual Review of Sociology, 26, pp.271~296 (2000)
- An analysis of women’s fertility and labor supply: A life cycle model, "Cho, Y. Y.", Korea Development Institute, ~ (2006)
- 정혜은, "취업여부에 따른 기혼여성의 둘째자녀 출산의도", 한국인구학, 31(1), pp.147~164 (2008), 한국인구학회[DOI]
- Do parental benefits influence fertility decision? Canadian Social Trends, "Crompton, S.", 46~52, pp.Statistics Canada-Catalogue no. 11-008 (2009)
- Duvander, A., "Gender Equality and Fertility in Sweden", Marriage & Family Review, 39(1), pp.121~142 (2006)
- Esterlin, R., "A framework for fertility analysis", Studies in Family Planning, 6, pp.54~63 (1975)
- Gupta, M., "Why is son preference so persistent in East and South Asia? A cross-country study of China, India and the Republic of Korea", Journal of Development Studies, 40(2), pp.153~187 (2003)
- Childcare support for the working parents, "Hong, S.", Korean Women’s Development Institute, ~ (2010)
- Hung, O. K., "Development of the parent-satisfaction scale", Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association, 32(5), pp.97~108 (1994)
- A study of parent education program based on the child characteristics, "Kim, E. S.", Korea Institute of Child Care and Education, ~ (2011)
- Kim, Y. K., "A study on changes of family crisis and social welfare policies in Korea: With a focus on the family life cycle perspective after economic crisis" (2009), Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs
- 공선영, "경제위기 이후 인구학적 특성 및 사회경제적 특성이 기혼여성의 출산에 미친 영향", 보건과 사회과학, 19, pp.103~126 (2006), 한국보건사회학회
- Lee, J. W., "A Study on Intention of Second Childbirth in Working Women with Children", 박사, pp.2007
- An analysis on the care of children not attending kindergarten or child care center, "Lee, J. W.", Korea Institute of Child Care and Education, ~ (2008)
- Leibenstein, H., "The economic theory of fertility decline", The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1, pp.1~31 (1975)
- Okun, A. M., "Equality and efficacy" (1975), The Big Tradeoff Brookings Institution Press
- Oláh, L. S., "Gendering fertility : Second births in Sweden and Hungary", Population Research and Policy Review, 22(2), pp.171~200 (2003)
- Presser, H., "Changing values and falling birth rates : Comment", Population and Development Review, 12, pp.196~200 (1986)
- Presser, H., "A gender perspective for understanding low fertility in post-transitional societies", Population and Development Review, 27, pp.177~183 (2001)
- 서미정, "부모의 심리사회적 특성이 후속 출산계획에 미치는 영향: 유자녀 가구를 중심으로", 육아정책연구, 5(1), pp.127~148 (2011), 육아정책연구소
- Suh, M. H., "The effect of childcare for families with infants and young children" (2009), Korea Institute of Child Care and Education