탈경계 시대의 민주주의 패러다임: 자유주의, 공동체주의를 넘어 성찰적 민주주의로
A Theoretical Paradigm of Democracy for Trans-boundary Societies: From Liberalism and Communitarianism to Reflective Democracy
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
초록
This article explores the idea that current crisis symptoms of governance, universally observed in democratic systems, could be a result of the discrepancy between fundamentally new social environments and anachronistic theories of democracy. If a theoretical paradigm of democracy fails to reflect new realities of the day, it is bound to generate excessive conflicts and impasses in governance process. The first section of the article portrays the significant weakening of various geographic and social boundaries as a crucial characteristic of today’s transitional environments, and describes the challenges posed to democratic governance in such trans-boundary societies. The article then shows that liberal and communitarian perspectives, both of which take for granted the outdated notion of clear and absolute boundaries, can no longer work as a theoretical foundation of democracy. A promising alternative paradigm to lead our quest for a democracy compatible with various trans-boundary trends, this article suggests, is found in Robert Goodin’s theory of reflective democracy. His theory, a delicate combination of liberal and communitarian thoughts, argues for internal deliberation within each person’s mind to reflect on other people’s interests and positions. Full development of his theory into a main paradigm of democracy suitable for trans-boundary societies would call for strong senses of empathy widespread in the public mind, which would in turn necessitate the efforts to theorize and substantiate the concept of multiple self.
Abstract
This article explores the idea that current crisis symptoms of governance, universally observed in democratic systems, could be a result of the discrepancy between fundamentally new social environments and anachronistic theories of democracy. If a theoretical paradigm of democracy fails to reflect new realities of the day, it is bound to generate excessive conflicts and impasses in governance process. The first section of the article portrays the significant weakening of various geographic and social boundaries as a crucial characteristic of today’s transitional environments, and describes the challenges posed to democratic governance in such trans-boundary societies. The article then shows that liberal and communitarian perspectives, both of which take for granted the outdated notion of clear and absolute boundaries, can no longer work as a theoretical foundation of democracy. A promising alternative paradigm to lead our quest for a democracy compatible with various trans-boundary trends, this article suggests, is found in Robert Goodin’s theory of reflective democracy. His theory, a delicate combination of liberal and communitarian thoughts, argues for internal deliberation within each person’s mind to reflect on other people’s interests and positions. Full development of his theory into a main paradigm of democracy suitable for trans-boundary societies would call for strong senses of empathy widespread in the public mind, which would in turn necessitate the efforts to theorize and substantiate the concept of multiple self.
참고문헌 (43)
- 자아정체성과 다중자아의 문제, "김선희", 정보통신정책연구원, ~ (2004)
- 임성호, "지구화 시대의 탈경계 정치과정을 위한 이론토대: 새로운 실마리의 모색", 한국정치연구, 20(1), pp.209~233 (2011), 사회과학연구원 한국정치연구소
- 임성호, "국회운영과정상 수(數)의 논리와 선호도 (選好度)의 논리: 균형적 갈등조정 메커니즘으로서의 필리버스터 제도", 의정연구, 16(3), pp.191~226 (2010), 한국의회발전연구회
- 임혁백, "세계화시대의 민주주의 : 현상, 이론, 성찰" (2000), 나남
- 정진민, "후기 산업사회 정당정치와 한국의 정당발전" (1998), 한울아카데미
- Archibugi, "Re-imagining Political Community: Studies in Cosmopolitan Democracy" (1998), Stanford University Press
- Arendt, Hannah, "The Revolutionary Tradition and Its Lost Treasure, In Liberalism and Its Critics", pp.239~263 (1984), New York University Press
- Barber, Benjamin, "Strong Democracy, In Communitarianism: A New Public Ethics", pp.213~224 (1994), Wadsworth Publishing Co
- Beetham, David, "Liberal Democracy and the Limits and Democratization, In Prospects for Democracy", pp.55~73 (1993), Stanford University Press
- Cohen, Edward S, "The Politics of Globalization in the United States" (2001), Georgetown University Press
- Cohen, Jeffrey, "Decline and Resurgence in the American Party System, In American Political Parties: Decline or Resurgence" (2001), CQ Press
- Cohen, Joshua, "Deliberation and Democratic Legitimacy, In The Good Polity: Normative Analysis of the State" (1989), Basil Blackwell
- Dobson, Andrew, "Representative Democracy and the Environment, In Democracy: Critical Concepts in Political Science. Vol. 4", pp.59~73 (2007), Routledge
- Dryzek, J. S, "Deliberative Democracy and Beyond" (2000), Oxford University Press
- Eckersley, Robyn, "Deliberative Democracy, Ecological Representation and Risk: Towards a Democracy of the Affected, In Democracy: Critical Concepts in Political Science. Vol. 4", pp.22~40 (2007), Routledge
- Elster, Jon, "The Multiple Self" (1985), Cambridge University Press
- Goodin, Robert E, "Innovating Democracy: Democratic Theory and Practice after the Deliberative Turn" (2008), Oxford University Press
- Goodin, "Reflective Democracy" (2003), Oxford University Press
- Heilmann, Conrad, "Preference Change in the Multiple-Self", Preference Change Workshop, LSE Choice Group (2009)
- Held, David, "Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture" (1999), Polity Press
- Hirst, Paul, "Associational Democracy, In Prospects for Democracy", pp.112~135 (1993), Stanford University Press
- Honigsbaum, Mark, "Barack Obama and the ‘Empathy Deficit’", The Observer. Jan. 4, ~ (2013)
- Inglehart, Ronald, "Culture Shift in Advanced Industrial Society" (1990), Princeton University Press
- Kernell, Samuel, "Going Public: New Strategies of Presidential Leadership" (1993), Congressional Quarterly Press
- Kolm, Serge-Christophe, "The Buddhist Theory of ‘No-Self’, In The Multiple Self" (1985), Cambridge University Press
- 임성호, "지구화 시대 자유민주주의의 한계와 신뢰에 기반한 국가 거버넌스의 적실성", 신아세아, 13(4), pp.115~144 (2006), 신아시아연구소
- MacIntyre, Alasdair, "The Virtues, the Unity of a Human Life, and the Concept of a Tradition, In Liberalism and Its Critics", pp.125~148 (1984), New York University Press
- Mansbridge, Jane, "Unitary Democracy, In Communitarianism: A New Public Ethics", pp.203~212 (1994), Wadsworth Publishing Co
- March, James G., "Popular Sovereignty and the Search for Appropriate Institutions", Journal of Public Policy, 6(4), pp.341~370 (1986)
- Miller, David, "Deliberative Democracy and the Limits of Democratization, In Prospects for Democracy", pp.74~92 (1993), Stanford University Press
- Mutz, Diana C, "Hearing the Other Side: Deliberative versus Participatory Democracy" (2006), Cambridge University Press
- Nisbet, Robert, "The Problem of Community, In Communitarianism: A New Public Ethics", pp.139~153 (1994), Wadsworth Publishing Co
- O’Donnell, Patrick S, "Ethics, Literature, and (internally) Deliberative Democracy", The Literary Table. July 25, ~ (2012)
- Oldenquist, Andrew, "Group Egoism, In Communitarianism: A New Public Ethics", pp.255~267 (1994), Wadsworth Publishing Co
- Poguntke, Thomas, "The Presidentialization of Politics: A Comparative Study of Modern Democracies" (2005), Oxford University Press
- Putnam, Robert, "Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community" (2000), Simon & Schuster
- Putnam, "Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy" (1994), Princeton University Press
- Ralston, Shane J, "Dewey and Goodin on the Value of Monological Deliberation", Ethics & Politics, 12(1) (2010)
- Rawls, John, "A Theory of Justice" (1971), The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press
- Sunstein, Cass, "Preferences and Politics, In Communitarianism: A New Public Ethics", pp.291~306 (1994), Wadsworth Publishing Co
- Taylor, Charles, "The Modern Identity, In Communitarianism: A New Public Ethics", pp.55~70 (1994), Wadsworth Publishing Co
- Thompson, Dennis, "Democratic Theory and Global Society", Journal of Political Philosophy, 7(2), pp.111~125 (1999)
- Wolin, Sheldon, "Contract and Birthright, In Communitarianism: A New Public Ethics", pp.181~189 (1994), Wadsworth Publishing Co