1980년대 전후 전북 군산지역의 수산업 사정과 연구의 동향 -『연구보고』(1979-1983)·『수산과학연구』(1984-2000)를 중심으로 -

Abstract

As to the period of transition in the fishing industry of Gunsan and Jeonbuk regions specifically around the 1960s, the previous study included changes in fishery education and research. For example, the focus was on the emergence of the aquaculture industry, development of deep-sea fishery, structural change of the local fishery, training of marine fishery professional manpower, etc. Additionally, the process of transition of the local fisheries organization from the 'fishing cooperative' to 'fisheries cooperative' in the late 1970s was also examined. In summary, this process involved the advancement of the order and businesses of fisheries product distribution, shallow sea aquaculture, inland waters and shellfishes, laver farming, eel farming, fishing gear improvement and modernization, etc. Specific examples include fishing gear development for the 'stow-net fishery' which was the primary business in this region, fishing boat enlargement and modernization, new fishing businesses including long bag set net fishery and trawl fishery, and new fishing ground development in Southeast Asian regions, etc. Around the 1980s, the local fishing industry also involved significant changes. As part of the West Coast Development Project, the industrial complex was established and the reclamation project including the Saemangum Project was conducted. As a result, sea water pollution and mud flat (beach at ebb tide) destruction became an issue, causing drastic changes to the sea environments due to devastation of fishing ground, seawater change, negligence in fishing ground management, etc. Particularly with the Saemangum Reclamation Project and Gunsan National Industrial Complex Formation Project initiated in 1991, many fisheries disappeared in this region as aquaculture business rights became invalid. About 70% of the entire fishing ground in this region were lost. Besides, regulation of various maritime laws, fishing conflicts among Korea, China, and Japan, reduction of the supreme command to fisheries, and various illegal fishing practices deteriorated the situation. Import opening of marine products also caused more difficulties to the domestic fishing industry particularly around the west coast. After the long consultation since 1993 in the so-called new marine era, the Korea-China Fisheries Agreement finally came into effect in June 2002. Its impact on local fishing industry was devastating. In this context, the condition of the local fishing industry around the 1980s will be examined. Additionally, this study examines major agenda of academic research magazines published by National Kunsan Fisheries College and College of Ocean Science and Engineering Kunsan National University, which are the only fisheries education centers in the west sea area. Specifically, this study focuses on major research themes of 『Research Report 』(1979-1983) and 『Marine Science Research』 (1984-2000). It is expected that this study can be a major guideline for basic understanding of changes and development in the local fishing industry and development of measures for its future growth.