由董仲舒 “天人合一” 的思维方式来对汉代政治文化进行哲学考察

Abstract

This paper is on the meaning of Dong Zhong-Shu's “Heaven and human beings in harmony as one” thought, and its significance in political and economical field. We connected the idea of “heaven and human beings in harmony as one” with unity of knowledge and action, which is aimed at self-cultivation. Through this, analysis on how knowledge and power forms a corrupt relationship was done. Confucian encourages active participation in practical politics. But the problem occurs when “scholars as bureaucrats” or “bureaucrats as scholars” become under the rule of the emperor's governing system. It hinders development of keeping reasonable distance between knowledge and politics, and leads to loss of criticism. We studied the relationship between power and knowledge based on scholars' critical mind mentioned earlier. Characteristics are as follows. First, Dong Zhong-Shu's “the Extraordinary Phenomena” founded on traditional “the mandate of heaven” gives the King a tension of the real power through tensional apparatus, “extraordinary phenomena.”Nevertheless, realization of God's role through heaven and human beings' harmony as one reinforces centralization of authority. The other aspect is that cognitive process of heaven and human beings in harmony as one does not only have “harmony as one” aspect, but also “Sangbun” aspect. This paper explains how Sangbun aspect shape up.