조선시대 회방回榜의 변천과 시행

Abstract

Officials who lived to a ripe old age had three lifelong celebrations for as many different sixtieth anniversaries in the Joseon Dynasty: Hoegap(回甲), sixtieth birthday; Hoehon(回婚), sixtieth wedding anniversary; Hoebang(回榜), sixtieth anniversary for passing the national civil service examination. In the early Joseon period, Song Sun(宋純) was found to be the first official celebrating his own Hoebang. Having passed the national civil service examinations in 1609, Lee Min-Gu(李敏求), Yoon Jeong-Ji(尹挺之), Hong Heon(洪憲) had their Hoebang feasts in 1669. Hoebang was elevated to formal commemoration by the Royal court after king Sookjong’s celebrating Lee Gwang-Jeok(李光迪)’s Hoebang in 1716. Since then, king Jeongjo formulated the way of reporting officials of their Hoebang and made regulations to promote the officials by issuing Jeongyo(傳敎) in 1786. Once the officials in their Hoebang were reported from administration of the capital city of Hanseong or each provincial government to the Royal court, the king bestowed paper flowers(御賜花) in common and either Hoebang hongpae(回榜紅牌) or Hoebang baekpae(回榜白牌) according to the kind of the national civil service examinations they had passed on them. The expense for Hoebang feast was also offered by the state. Started as private and family event, Hoebang became institutionalized to be national celebration in the Joseon Dynasty. It was a formal event to pay honor to officials who lived to a ripe old age after passing the national civil service examination.