시마자키 도손(島崎藤村)의 동화 고찰 -잡지『아카이도리(赤い鳥)』에 실린 11편의 작품을 중심으로-

Abstract

The Taisho period was when democracy in Japan expanded, and its influence extended to children's literature. Miekichi Suzuki published the first issue of 『Akaidori』with the participation of established writers of the time as part of this literary movement. Toson also shared the common cause and took part in the publication of 『Akaidori』. Before 『Akaidori』was published, Toson met many children's books and their authors in Western countries during his stay in France. Toson paid attention to the fact that the children's stories written by Western romanticist writers were creations based on traditional fairy tales and that they reflected the authors’ own life stories. These elements are found in the 11 children's stories published in 『Akaidori』 . Toson's most well-known collection of children's stories feature a autobiographical character as a father who narrates to his children. Toson's works published in 『Akaidori』 are based on the author's childhood memories, but they were not written in the first-person point of view. The key difference is that their target readers were the children of the world, and that they are presented by an objective third-person narrator. In addition, some of them reconstructed fairy tales in Europe and others took the format of a fable. While they are oriented towards a children’s innocent world, it did not fail to incorporate instructive elements such as the wisdom of life and the practice of virtue. Toson’s children's stories published in 『Akaidori』 are characterized by their transformation as an open text for all children in the world, which is a departure from the form of a story told to his own children.