문제중심대처전략을 매개로 한 사회적 지지와 우울의 관련- 아동기, 청소년기, 성인기 정신지체인의 어머니 집단 간 차이에 대한 탐색적 연구 -
A Exploratory Study of Differences in the Relation of Social Support to Depressive Symptoms among Mothers of Persons with Mental Retardation across the Life Span
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정신지체아동(만 3-12세)의 어머니 219명과 정신지체청소년(만 13-18세)의 어머니 134명, 그리고 성인 정신지체인(만 19-35세)의 어머니 177명에 대하여, 사회적 지지가 우울에 주는 영향을 연구하되, 문제중심대처의 매개효과를 포함하여 연구하였다. 구조방정식 모형을 활용한 연구모형의 분석 결과, 세집단 모두에 모형의 적합도가 좋았다. 세집단 간 모형의 동일성 검증을 실시한 결과, 아동과 청소년을 포함한 전체아동의 어머니 집단과 성인의 어머니 집단 간에 모형이 동일하지 않은 것으로 나타났는데, 경로 중 사회적 지지와 문제중심대처가 우울에 주는 영향이 두 집단 간 차이가 있었다. 사회적 지지가 우울에 주는 효과는 전체아동의 어머니 경우는 문제중심대처의 매개효과가 있었으며, 성인의 어머니 경우는 강한 직접효과만 있었다. 실천적으로는, 상이한 생애발달단계의 자녀를 키우는 어머니들에게 상이한 방식의 사회적 지지가 도움이 될 것으로 생각되었다.
Abstract
This study investigated the relation of social support to depressive symptoms including the mediationg effect of the problem-focused coping, among three groups of 530 mothers of persons with mental retardation in their childhood(age 3-12), adolescence(age 13-18), and adulthood(age 19-35). Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that the proposed model is well-fitting for each three group. The invariance test also revealed that the model is noninvariant for both groups of mothers of children(age 3-18) with mental retardation and mothers of adults(age 19-35) with mental retardation. There were differences in the effects of social support and problem-focused coping on depressive symptoms across both groups. Although problem-focused coping was found to play a mediating role between social support and depressive symptoms for mothers of children with mental retardation, a strong direct effect of social support on depressive symptoms for mothers of adults with mental retardation. These findings suggest that different kind of social support be helpful for mothers of persons with mental retardation across the life-span.
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