오노 요코의 <그레입프루츠(Grapefruit)>: 공포와 좌절, 아브젝시옹(abjection)의 퍼포먼스
Yoko Ono's Grapefruit: The Performance of Horror, Frustration, and Abjection
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오노 요쿄의 초기 퍼포먼스는 주로 페미니즘 미술의 시발점이나 개념미술에서 표방하는 제도비판의 일환으로 해석되어왔다. 그러나 오노의 작품은 보편적인 페미니즘 이론이나 제도비평이라는 추상적 논리로는 환원되지 않는 공포와 좌절이라는 구체적인 감각을 수반한다. 이 논문에서는 줄리아 크리스테바의 '아브젝시옹' 이론을 바탕으로 퍼포먼스의 구조를 분석하고, 작품에서 드러나는 비관습적인 재현방식이 아방가르드의 정치적 저항으로 연결되는 해석의 틀을 제시한다.
Abstract
This paper explores Yoko Ono’s Of A Grapefruit in the World of Park in its multiple forms of poetry, musical score, and performance. The artist’ s seemingly private desire for acceptance and her fear of rejection are accounted for in terms of the fundamental loss of nation. This locus ofloss is further related to Ono’s exploration ofthe structural impossibility ofrepresentation. In place ofconventional representation, Ono’s works mobilize fragmented texts, hidden images, and disorderly theatrical ambience as a means to reenact the psychophysical effects of the horror as well as to generate the anxiety ofthe ultimate failure ofcommunication . Indeed, Ono’s profound anxiety in relation to the devastating impact of recurring war and the pressing question ofart ’s political responsibility were embodied in her works. The tension between the ascetic, sophisticated, and highly aesthetic realm ofthe Zen paradigm and the violent, corporeal, and extremely resistant sphere of“authentic”Japanese culture fueled the dynamics of Ono’s practices within the context ofJapanese avant-garde art ofthe 1960s. The issues ofcultural origin are theorized in terms ofthe abject and poetic language as conceived by Julia Kristeva. Ono’s Cut Piece, undoubtedly her signature work, is a startling embodiment ofthe longing for a collective unity on the one hand, and a horrific display of violence against differences for the sake of the unified community on the other. Significantly, this frustrated desire for communal unity was later channeled into political protest during the turbulent era when memories ofHiroshima overlapped with the disaster ofthe Vietnam War.
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