가출의 비범죄화— 소년법상 가출 규정과 가정밖 청소년의 인권 —
Decriminalizing Running-Away under Juvenile Act: Youth on the Street and their Human Rights
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Under the Juvenile Act, youth of age between 10 and 19 who run away from home without just cause may be subject to juvenile protection proceedings. The Act treats such youth as pre-criminals that require the state’s care under the juvenile justice system. This article argues that the provision on running-away under the Act should be repealed in accordance with the understanding of the causes of youth’s running-away and the situations in which they are placed in the street. The studies on youth’s running-away have revealed that the act of running away is largely associated with family problems, including child abuse and neglect. Considering the root causes of running away, it is unjustified to treat such youth as a pre-criminal for the fact that he or she ran away from home. Although it is also true that youth on the street are more likely to be involved in crimes, numerous studies have indicated that their criminal behaviors are part of survival strategies. Therefore, a better approach to prevent criminal behaviors among youth on the street is not to criminalize their status of being on the street, thereby further driving them outside of the society; rather, the state should acknowledge their situation of being deprived of basic human rights guaranteed to all children and provide social services with no stigma attached as a pre-criminal. The police then may take a role to serve the youth in the right-based holistic approach in connection with other services, as recommended by the United Nations human rights bodies.
Abstract
Under the Juvenile Act, youth of age between 10 and 19 who run away from home without just cause may be subject to juvenile protection proceedings. The Act treats such youth as pre-criminals that require the state’s care under the juvenile justice system. This article argues that the provision on running-away under the Act should be repealed in accordance with the understanding of the causes of youth’s running-away and the situations in which they are placed in the street. The studies on youth’s running-away have revealed that the act of running away is largely associated with family problems, including child abuse and neglect. Considering the root causes of running away, it is unjustified to treat such youth as a pre-criminal for the fact that he or she ran away from home. Although it is also true that youth on the street are more likely to be involved in crimes, numerous studies have indicated that their criminal behaviors are part of survival strategies. Therefore, a better approach to prevent criminal behaviors among youth on the street is not to criminalize their status of being on the street, thereby further driving them outside of the society; rather, the state should acknowledge their situation of being deprived of basic human rights guaranteed to all children and provide social services with no stigma attached as a pre-criminal. The police then may take a role to serve the youth in the right-based holistic approach in connection with other services, as recommended by the United Nations human rights bodies.
참고문헌 (32)
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