외상 관련 DRM 목록의 개발
Development of Trauma-related DRM Lists
0
조회
0
다운로드
5
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Deese-Roediger-McDermott(DRM) 패러다임(Deese, 1959; Roediger & McDermott, 1995)은 피험자에게 결정적 유인단어와 가장 의미적으로 가까운 연합단어들로 이루어진 목록을 학습시키면 목록에 포함되지 않은 결정적 유인단어에 대한 잘못된 회상과 재인이 일어남을 보여주는 실험 절차로, 최근 외상 생존자에게 DRM 패러다임을 적용함으로써 외상적 기억의 본질을 밝히고자 한 몇몇 시도가 있었다. 본 연구는 외상 생존자의 오기억과 정보처리과정을 밝히기 위한 예비 연구로, 외상 단어에 대한 DRM 목록을 개발하는 것이 그 목적이다. 본 연구에서 forward 및 backward 연상방식을 사용하여 각 10개의 단어들로 구성된 8세트의 외상 관련 DRM 목록을 구성하였는데, 각 목록의 결정적 유인단어는 다음과 같다: 자살, 유괴, 화재, 전쟁, 장례식, 교통사고, 강간 및 피. 81명의 대학생을 대상으로 DRM 절차를 사용하여 실험을 실시한 결과, 각 단어 세트별로 피험자의 3.7-25.9%가 오회상을 보였고 13.6-70.4%가 오재인을 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 외상 관련 DRM 목록은 향후 외상 후 스트레스 장애 환자들의 오기억 연구에 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이라 기대된다. 본 연구의 제한점과 향후 연구에 대한 함의가 논의되었다.
Abstract
In the Deese-Roediger-McDermott(DRM) paradigm(Deese, 1959; Roediger & McDermott, 1995), participants are asked to learn several semantically associated word lists, to recall each list immediately after its presentation, and to recognize list words. On both recall and recognition tasks, participants often falsely recall and/or recognize “critical lures”; nonpresented words semantically associated with each list. Recently, several studies have used the DRM paradigm with trauma survivors, to clarify the features of traumatic memory. The purpose of this study was to develop trauma-related DRM lists and to provide initial benchmark data for future studies of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) and false memories. Using forward and backward association methods, 10-word lists were developed around these critical lures: suicide, kidnap, fire, war, funeral, traffic accident, rape, and blood. Then, a DRM paradigm using these lists was administered to 81 college students. The results showed that participants mistakenly claimed the critical lures had been presented with frequencies of 3.7-25.9% on recall and 13.6-70.4% on recognition. These data will serve as a useful benchmark for designing experiments about false memories in PTSD patients. Limitations of the current study and implications for future research were discussed.
참고문헌 (39)
- 김현정, "DRM 패러다임에서 정서가 오기억에 미치는 영향", 석사, pp.2008
- 박명숙, "반복 학습-검사 과제에서 경고가 노인과 젊은이의 오기억에 미치는 영향", 석사, pp.2006
- 박영신, "DRM 패러다임에서 오기억과 실제 기억에 미치는 부적 정서의 효과", 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 16(2), pp.131~150 (2004), 한국인지및생물심리학회
- 박영신, "오기억을 산출하는 단어 목록 규준", 사회과학 연구, 19 (2003), 가톨릭대학교 사회과학 연구소
- 백기연, "단어 유형과 주의 수준,처리 수준이 오기억에 미치는 영향", 석사, pp.2006
- 이주현, "DRM 과제에서 부적정서가 노년기 오기억에 미치는 영향", 석사, pp.2007
- Baddeley,A, "Human memory: Theory and practice" (1997), Hove, UK: Psychology Press
- Balota, D. A., "Veridical and false memories in healthy older adults and in dementia of the Alzheimer's type", Cognitive Neuropsychology, 16, pp.361~384 (1999)
- Bremner, J. D., "False memories in women with self-reported childhood sexual abuse", Psychological Science, 11, pp.333~337 (2000)
- Bremner, J. D., "Dissociation and posttraumatic stress disorder in Vietnam combat veterans", American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, pp.328~332 (1992)
- Brennen, T., "Consciousness and Cognition", Cognition, 16, pp.877~885 (2007)
- Deese,J, "On the prediction of occurrence of particular verbal intrusions in immediate recall", Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, pp.17~22 (1959)
- Dodhia, R. M., "False memories and source monitoring", Cognitive Neuropsychology, 16, pp.489~508 (1999)
- Dougal S., "“Remembering” emotional words is based on response bias, not recollection", Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 14, pp.423~429 (2007)
- Ebbinghaus,H, "Memory: A contribution to experimental psychology" (1964), New York: Dover
- Ehlers, A., "A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder", Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38, pp.319~345 (2000)
- Foa, E. B., "Emotional dissociation in response to trauma; An information processing approach", pp.207~224 (1996), New York: Plenum Press
- Foa, E. B., "Post-traumatic stress disorder in rape victims", pp.273~303 (1993), Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association
- Foa, E. B., "Behaivoral", cognitive conceptualizations of post-traumatic stress disorder, 1989, pp.20, 155~176
- Foa, E. B., "Uncontrollability and unpredictability in post-traumatic stress disorder: An animal model", Psychological Bulletin, 112, pp.218~238 (1992)
- Foa, E. D., "The validation of a self-report measure of posttraumatic stress disorder: The posttraumatic diagnostic scale", Psychological Assessment, 9, pp.445~451 (1997)
- Gallo,D.A, "Associative illusions of memory: False memory research in DRM and related tasks" (2006), New York: Psychology Press
- Horowitz,M.J, "Stress response syndrome" (1986), Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson
- Huron, C., "Impairment of constructive memory in schizophrenia", International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 17, pp.127~133 (2002)
- Johnson, J., "The architecture of working memory", pp.243~276 (1997), Sussex, England; Psychology Press
- Johnson, M. K., "Source monitoring", Psychological Bulletin, 114, pp.3~28 (1993)
- Kensinger,E.A, "Emotional memory across the adult lifespan" (2008), New York: Psychology Press
- Kensinger, E. A., "Effects of normal aging and Alzheimer's disease on emotional memory", Emotion, 2, pp.118~134 (2002)
- Melo, B., "False recall and false recognition: An examination of the effects of selective and combined lesions to the medial temporal lobe", diencephalon and frontal lobe structures, 1999, pp.16, 343~359
- Park, L., "Associative and categorical relations in the associative memory illusion", Psychological Science, 16, pp.792~797 (2005)
- Payne, J. D., "The effects of experimentally induced stress on false recognition", Memory, 10, pp.1~6 (2002)
- Roediger,H.L, "Memory illusions", Journal of Memory and Language, 35, pp.76~100 (1990)
- Roediger, H. L., "Creating false memories: Remembering words not presented in list", Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition, 21, pp.803~814 (1995)
- Simons, J. S., "Failing to get the gist: Reduced false recognition of semantic associates in semantic dementia", Neuropsychology, 19, pp.353~361 (2005)
- Talmi, D., "Can semantic relatedness explain the enhancement of memory for emotional words?", Memory and Cognition, 32, pp.742~751 (2004)
- van der Kolk, B. A., "Dissociation and the fragmentary nature of traumatic memories: overview and exploratory study", Journal of Traumatic Stress, 8, pp.505~525 (1995)
- Whittlesea,B.W.A, "False memory and the discrepancy-attribution hypothesis: The prototype-familiarity illusion", Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131, pp.96~115 (2002)
- Winograd, E., "Individual differences in susceptibility to memory illusions", Applied Cognitive Psychology, 12, pp.S5~S27 (1998)
- Zoellner, L. A., "Are trauma victims susceptible to “false memories”?", Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109(3), pp.517~524 (2000)