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东方朔人物形象演变研究

A Study on the Evolution of the Characters of DongfangShuo

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주제분류중국어와문학

초록

汉代的东方朔不仅是一个诙谐幽默,机智善辩的滑稽狂人,更是一位博学多才、满怀政治抱负却无力施展的文人臣子。但随着时代的演进,道教兴起与佛教东传,更多的杂传杂记和民间传说相继出现,受佛道两教思想的浸染和借用,东方朔形象也被不断演变,逐渐被幻化为一位超凡脱俗、飘逸洒脱的神仙异人,极大地丰富了东方朔的形象。在汉文化圈文化传播和交流的背景下,东方朔的独特形象也通过口耳相传或文献记载方式传入韩国,韩国文人根据自己的领悟进行了再接受和再诠释,并引发一系列具有韩国特色的东方朔传说。人们在后世东方朔形象再塑造时,融入更多自己的主观感受,求得心灵寄托和心理慰藉,因为社会各阶层的人,在东方朔身上都能找到自己的心理需求和满足。借助宗教的神秘和百姓的追捧,东方朔在从历史形象到传说形象的演变过程中,逐渐摆脱了专制皇权的桎梏,以逍遥人间的形象寄托了人们对自由和永恒的向往。

Abstract

The DongfangShuo of the Han Dynasty were not only a humorous, witty and ridiculous madman, but also a literary courtier who was versatile and politically motivated but unable to perform. However, with the evolution of the times, more miscellaneous miscellaneous stories and folklore have appeared one after another. Influenced by the thoughts of Buddhism and Taoism, the image of DongfangShuo is constantly evolving and gradually transformed into a dignified god. Under the background of cultural communication and communication in the Han culture circle, the unique image of DongfangShuo was also introduced to South Korea through word of mouth or documentary. The Korean literati reinterpreted according to their own comprehension and triggered the legend of the DongfangShuo. In the later generations, when the image of the DongfangShuo is reshaped, it incorporates more of its own subjective feelings, in order to obtain the sustenance and comfort of the soul, because people of all walks of life can find their own psychological needs and satisfaction in the DongfangShuo. With the influence of religion and the pursuit of the people, DongfangShuo’s evolution from the historical image to the legendary image gradually got rid of the embarrassment of the autocratic imperial power, and pinned the people’s longing for freedom and eternity with the image of the happy world.

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