A Morphologically-conditioned Allomorphy Analysis of Negative Imperatives in Korean
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Imperative clauses in Korean are negated by the morpheme mal-, instead of the regular negation marker an(i). A generalization was proposed that mal- is a portmanteau form of two core elements—ani ‘Neg’ and ha- ‘do’—in forming long-form negation (Lee 1978). I propose a Distributed Morphology interpretation of the insightful generalization: the blocking relationship between mal- and ani ha- is analyzed as a case of contextual allomorphy. I argue that the proposed analysis can account for the occurrence of subject honorification within negative imperatives, a fact that challenges previous accounts. Furthermore, two theoretical consequences follow: (i) allomorphic locality domain corresponds to a complex head and (ii) the Fusion operation can be dispensed with in the DM grammar of Korean. Finally, I demonstrate that previous approaches—Han & Lee’s(2007) Fusion analysis and Lee & Park’s(2015) selection analysis—face empirical and theoretical difficulties that the current proposal does not.
Abstract
Imperative clauses in Korean are negated by the morpheme mal-, instead of the regular negation marker an(i). A generalization was proposed that mal- is a portmanteau form of two core elements—ani ‘Neg’ and ha- ‘do’—in forming long-form negation (Lee 1978). I propose a Distributed Morphology interpretation of the insightful generalization: the blocking relationship between mal- and ani ha- is analyzed as a case of contextual allomorphy. I argue that the proposed analysis can account for the occurrence of subject honorification within negative imperatives, a fact that challenges previous accounts. Furthermore, two theoretical consequences follow: (i) allomorphic locality domain corresponds to a complex head and (ii) the Fusion operation can be dispensed with in the DM grammar of Korean. Finally, I demonstrate that previous approaches—Han & Lee’s(2007) Fusion analysis and Lee & Park’s(2015) selection analysis—face empirical and theoretical difficulties that the current proposal does not.