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중소제조기업의 인적자원관리제도 도입 및 활용 정도와 조직성과의 관계

Relationships between HRM Practices and Organizational Performance in Small Manufacturing Firms

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주제분류경영학

초록

중소제조업체들의 인적자원관리 특성을 살펴보고, 인센티브보상제도, 고충처리제도, 제안제도, 고용안정보장제도, 성과평가제도, 정기적 교육ㆍ훈련제도 등의 도입과 활용 정도와 조직성과와의 관계를 분석하였다. 한 광역시에 소재한 종업원 규모 30명 이상의 중소제조기업 260개로부터 설문조사를 통해 수집된 자료가 활용되었다. 약 59% 안팎의 기업이 고충처리제도, 제안제도, 그리고 정기적 교육ㆍ훈련제도를 도입하고 있었으며, 고용안정보장제도는 46%, 성과평가제도는 40%, 인센티브보상제도는 31% 정도의 기업이 도입하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 여섯 제도를 모두 도입한 기업이 31개(12.5%)로 가장 많았으며, 하나도 도입하지 않은 기업이 28개(11.3%)로 두 번째로 많았다. 다섯 가지 지표로 평가된 조직성과 중 품질목표 달성정도가 여섯 가지 제도 각각의 도입 여부에 모두 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으며, 전체성과 목표나 연간목표 달성률은 정기적 교육ㆍ훈련제도를 제외한 다섯 가지 제도의 도입여부에 따라 달라지는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 그러나 도입여부가 매출액이익률의 차이를 설명하는 인적자원관리제도는 이 연구에 포함된 여섯 가지 제도에는 없었으며, 이직률은 성과평가제도와 정기적 교육ㆍ훈련제도에서만 도입한 기업과 도입하지 않은 기업들 간에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 매출액이익율은 인센티브보상제도와 성과평가제도의 활용정도에 따라 달라지며, 품질목표 달성률은 인센티브보상제도와 고용안정보장제도의 활용정도에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 이직률은 인센티브보상제도의 활용정도에 따라 다르며, 전체성과목표나 연간목표 달성률은 다섯 가지 인적자원관리제도의 활용정도에 따라 차이가 없었다. 이런 결과의 시사점, 연구의 한계와 미래의 연구 방향 등이 논의되었다.

Abstract

The objective of this research is to study the relationships between introduction and utilization of HRM practicehuman resources management system and organizational performance in small manufacturing firms. The questionnaire data are collected form 260 SMFs with more than 30 employees. Characteristics of SMF's are analysed in terms of six HRM practices: incentive compensation, grievance, employee suggestion, employment security, performance evaluation, and regular education and training. Introductions of those HRM practices have effects on goal achievement evaluated subjectively. But they do no have significant relationships with gross profit margin and turnover rate. There is difference in gross profit margin of the firms along with the degree of utilization of incentive compensation and performance evaluation practices. The turnover rates are different among the firms utilize incentive compensation at different level. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed and suggestions for future research are outlined.

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