사회적 약자를 고려한 공공 행정서비스시설 재난대응 안전디자인 평가

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) One of the issues important for improving urban and living environments is securing the safety of public spaces and public facilities. This reflects social demands to create a safe living environment from the recent increasing disaster to local residents due to social and natural disasters, such as fires and earthquakes. Many of the victims of such accidents are concentrated on the elderly and the disabled who are vulnerable to disasters; thus, creating a public environment for effective evacuation and response in the event of a social disaster such as fire is an essential requirement for a safer and more sustainable society. Therefore, this study aimed to derive current status problems and propose improvement methods through site evaluation of disaster response for safety design considering socially disadvantaged public service facilities. (Method) The study was conducted through a literature review and case study methods. First, through the literature review, the concepts and contents of public design for public buildings in a disaster response safety environment centered on fires in public administrative facilities were organized, and basic directions and contents for spatial evaluation were derived through related research and institutional analysis. Next, the evaluation metrics for evaluating public facilities were selected, and evaluation items were finally proposed through expert evaluation. (Results) The research results are as follows. First, domestic public administrative service facilities were quickly required to improve public design considering accessibility and responsiveness. In particular, design improvement is required for the expansion of continuous evacuation environments and cognitive facilities, installation of emergency fire extinguishing equipment, and easy use in consideration of the physical environment of the vulnerable. Second, as a result of the field survey, most of the space was found to be inadequate for the response environment of socially disadvantaged people with disaster response safety design. In particular, it was necessary to secure evacuation spaces, public sign design, and color design taking weak marketers into account and create an environment for expeditious movement. Third, as a result of synthesizing the field results, an improvement plan based on the five elements of safety design was presented, and the need for institutional improvement was suggested. (Conclusions) In addition, the task of improving the safety design of public administrative service facilities in consideration of the socially disadvantaged is not a partial improvement at each facility level, but an institutional improvement to establish safety design, such as manuals, guidelines, and certification systems.