본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

Life Cycle Assessment of Biogas Production in Small-scale Household Digesters in Vietnam

T.K.V. Vu|D.Q. Vu|L.S. Jensen|S.G. Sommer|S. Bruun
아세아·태평양축산학회 (Asian-Australasian Association Of Animal Production Societies)|2015.05|Animal Bioscience|제28권 제5호|pp. 716-729|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.14.0683

0

조회

0

다운로드

0

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

ManureGlobal WarmingMethaneDigestateEuthrophication

초록

Small-scale household digesters have been promoted across Asia as a sustainable way of handling manure. The major advantages are that they produce biogas and reduce odor. However their disadvantages include the low recycling of nutrients, because digestate is dilute and therefore difficult to transport, and the loss of biogas as a result of cracks and the intentional release of excess biogas. In this study, life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was used to assess the environmental impacts associated with biogas digesters in Vietnam. Handling 1,000 kg of liquid manure and 100 kg of solid manure in a system with a biogas digester reduced the impact potential from 4.4 kg carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalents to 3.2 kg CO2 equivalents compared with traditional manure management. However, this advantage could easily be compromised if digester construction is considered in the LCA or in situations where there is an excess of biogas which is intentionally released. A sensitivity analysis showed that biogas digesters could be a means of reducing global warming if methane emissions can be kept low. In terms of eutrophication, farms with biogas digesters had 3 to 4 times greater impacts. In order to make biogas digesters sustainable, methods for recycling digestates are urgently required.

Abstract

Small-scale household digesters have been promoted across Asia as a sustainable way of handling manure. The major advantages are that they produce biogas and reduce odor. However their disadvantages include the low recycling of nutrients, because digestate is dilute and therefore difficult to transport, and the loss of biogas as a result of cracks and the intentional release of excess biogas. In this study, life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was used to assess the environmental impacts associated with biogas digesters in Vietnam. Handling 1,000 kg of liquid manure and 100 kg of solid manure in a system with a biogas digester reduced the impact potential from 4.4 kg carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalents to 3.2 kg CO2 equivalents compared with traditional manure management. However, this advantage could easily be compromised if digester construction is considered in the LCA or in situations where there is an excess of biogas which is intentionally released. A sensitivity analysis showed that biogas digesters could be a means of reducing global warming if methane emissions can be kept low. In terms of eutrophication, farms with biogas digesters had 3 to 4 times greater impacts. In order to make biogas digesters sustainable, methods for recycling digestates are urgently required.

참고문헌 (64)

  1. Bruun, S., "Small-scale household biogas digesters: An option for global warming mitigation or a potential climate bomb?", Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev, 33, pp.736~741 (2014)
  2. Chantigny, M. H., "Gaseous nitrogen emissions and forage nitrogen uptake on soils fertilized with raw and treated swine manure", J. Environ. Qual, 36, pp.1864~1872 (2007)
  3. Chen, S., "Life-cycle energy production and emissions mitigation by comprehensive biogas—digestate utilization", Bioresour. Technol, 114, pp.357~364 (2012)
  4. Cooper, P., "A review of the design and performance of vertical-flow and hybrid reed bed treatment systems", Water Sci. Technol, 40, pp.1~9 (1999)
  5. Costales, A., "Underneath the livestock revolution" (2006), Animal Production and Health Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
  6. De Vries, J. W., "Comparing environmental consequences of anaerobic mono- and co-digestion of pig manure to produce bio-energy—A life cycle perspective", Bioresour. Technol, 125, pp.239~248 (2012)
  7. Delin, S., "Potential methods for estimating nitrogen fertilizer value of organic residues", Soil Use Manag, 28, pp.283~291 (2012)
  8. Vietnam part of annual report of the Asia biogas program, "Department of Livestock Production.", Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, ~ (2010)
  9. Commercial feed production in Vietnam, "Department of Livestock Production.", Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, ~ (2013)
  10. Dhingra, R., "Greenhouse gas emission reductions from domestic anaerobic digesters linked with sustainable sanitation in rural China", Environ. Sci. Technol, 45, pp.2345~2352 (2011)
  11. PA Consulting Group, and International Institute for Energy Conservation, Resource assessment report for livestock and agro-industrial wastes - Vietnam, "Eastern Research Group.", Methane to Markets Partnership, ~ (2010)
  12. Eggleston, S., "IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories", Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, ~ (2006)
  13. European Commission, "Joint Research Centre - Institute for Environment and Sustainability: International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook—General guide for Life Cycle Assessment—Detailed guidance", March 2010. EUR 24708 EN (2010), Publications Office of the European Union
  14. Flesch, T. K., "Fugitive methane emissions from an agricultural biodigester", Biomass Bioenerg, 35, pp.3927~3935 (2011)
  15. ReCiPe 2008: A life cycle impact assessment method which comprises harmonised category indicators at the midpoint and the endpoint level, "Goedkoop, M.", Environmental Agency, ~ (2009)
  16. Hamelin, L., "Environmental consequences of future biogas technologies based on separated slurry", Environ. Sci. Technol, 45, pp.5869~5877 (2011)
  17. Hjorth, M., "Solid liquid separation of animal slurry in theory and practice. A review", Agron. Sustain. Dev, 30, pp.153~180 (2010)
  18. Huang, S., "Manures behave similar to superphosphate in phosphorus accumulation in long-term field soils", Int. J. Plant Prod, 5, pp.135~146 (2011)
  19. Huijsmans, J. F. M., "Effect of application method, manure characteristics, weather and field conditions on ammonia volatilization from manure applied to arable land", Atmos. Environ, 37, pp.3669~3680 (2003)
  20. ISO, "ISO 14044. Environmental management—Life cycle assessment—Requirements and guidelines", International Organisation for Standardisation, ~ (2006)
  21. ISO, "ISO 14040. Environmental management—Life cycle assessment—Principles and framework", International Organisation for Standardisation, ~ (2006)
  22. Johnston, A. E., "Soil organic matter: Its Importance in sustainable agriculture and carbon dioxide fluxes", Adv. Agron, 101, pp.1~57 (2009)
  23. Kapdi, S. S., "Biogas scrubbing, compression and storage: Perspective and prospectus in Indian context", Renew. Energy, 30, pp.1195~1202 (2005)
  24. Losak, T., "Comparison of the effectiveness of digestate and mineral fertilizer on yields and quality of kohlrabi (Brassica Oleraces, L.). Acta Univ. Agric. et Silvic", Mend. Brun, 3, pp.117~122 (2011)
  25. Mai, V. T., "Nitrogen leaching in intensive cropping systems in Tan Duong Dristrict, Red River Delta of Vietnam", Water Air Soil Pollut, 210, pp.15~31 (2010)
  26. Montes, F., "Process modeling of ammonia volatilization from ammonium solution and manure surfaces: a review with recommended models", Trans. ASAE, 52, pp.1707~1720 (2009)
  27. Olesen, J. E., "Modelling effects of wind speed and surface cover on ammonia volatilization from stored pig slurry", Atmos. Environ, 27, pp.2567~2574 (1993)
  28. Park, J. B. K., "Investigating why recycling gravity harvested algae increases harvestability and productivity in high rate algal ponds", Water Res, 47, pp.4904~4917 (2013)
  29. Pei-dong, Z., "Contribution to emission reduction of CO2 and SO2 by household biogas construction in rural China", Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev, 11, pp.1903~1912 (2007)
  30. Poeschl, M., "Environmental impacts of biogas deployment - Part I: life cycle inventory for evaluation of production process emissions to air", J. Clean. Prod, 24, pp.168~183 (2012)
  31. Poeschl, M., "Environmental impacts of biogas deployment - Part II: life cycle assessment of multiple production and utilization pathways", J. Clean. Prod, 24, pp.184~201 (2012)
  32. Prapaspongsa, T., "LCA of comprehensive pig manure management incorporating integrated technology systems", J. Clean. Prod, 18, pp.1413~1422 (2010)
  33. Rajendran, K., "Household biogas digesters—A review", Energies, 5, pp.2911~2942 (2012)
  34. Rehl, T., "Life cycle assessment of biogas digestate processing technologies", Resour. Conserv. Recycl, 56, pp.92~104 (2011)
  35. Sandars, D. L., "Environmental benefits of livestock manure management practices and technology by life cycle assessment", Biosyst. Eng, 84, pp.267~281 (2003)
  36. Schröder, J. J., "Long-term nitrogen fertilizer replacement value of cattle manures applied to cut grassland", Plant Soil, 299, pp.83~99 (2007)
  37. Schulte, E. E., "Soil Organic Matter: Analysis and Interpretation", pp.21~31 (1996), SSSA Special Publication
  38. Greenhouse gases from small-scale combustion devices in developing countries, Phase IIa. Household stoves in India, "Smith, K. R.", United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1~89 (2000)
  39. "Domestic biogas technology training handbook. Biogas program for animal husbandry sector in Vietnam" (2012)[URL]
  40. Sogaard, H. T., "Ammonia volatilization from field-applied animal slurry—the ALFAM model", Atmos. Environ, 36, pp.3309~3319 (2002)
  41. Sommer, S. G., "Ammonia emission from field applied manure and its reduction—invited paper", Eur. J. Agron, 15, pp.1~15 (2001)
  42. Sommer, S. G., "Ammonia emission from mineral fertilizers and fertilized crops", Adv. Agron, 82, pp.557~622 (2004)
  43. Sommer, S. G., "Nitrous oxide and methane emissions from pig slurry amended soils", Soil Biol. Biochem, 28, pp.1541~1544 (1996)
  44. Sommer, S. G., "Methane and carbon dioxide emissions and nitrogen turnover during liquid manure storage", Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst, 78, pp.27~36 (2007)
  45. ten Hoeve, M., "Life cycle assessment of pig slurry treatment technologies for nutrient redistribution in Denmark", J. Environ. Manag, 132, pp.60~70 (2013)
  46. Thien Thu, C. T., "Manure management practices on biogas and non-biogas pig farms in developing countries – using livestock farms in Vietnam as an example", J. Clean. Prod, 27, pp.64~71 (2012)
  47. Thomsen, I. K., "Carbon dynamics and retention in soil after anaerobic digestion of dairy cattle feed and faeces", Soil Biol. Biochem, 58, pp.82~87 (2013)
  48. Tran, M. T., "Application rate and composting method affect the immediate and residual manure fertilizer value in a maize-rice-rice-maize cropping sequence on a degraded soil in northern Vietnam", Soil Sci. Plant Nutr, 58, pp.206~223 (2012)
  49. Tran, M. T., "Nitrogen turnover and loss during storage of slurry and composting of solid manure under typical Vietnamese farming conditions", J. Agric. Sci, 149, pp.285~296 (2011)
  50. Uggetti, E., "Sludge treatment wetlands: A review on the state of the art", Bioresour. Technol, 101, pp.2905~2912 (2010)
  51. Methodological Tool "Project and leakage emissions from anaerobic digesters" (Version 01.0.0), "UNFCCC", CCNUCC., 2012, EB 66 Report Annex 32
  52. Velthof, G. L., "Gaseous nitrogen and carbon losses from pig manure derived from different diets", J. Environ. Qual, 34, pp.698~706 (2005)
  53. Vu, D. Q., "The effect of biochar and different crop residues on greenhouse gas emissions during passive aeration composting of manure and digestate typical of small-scale livestock farms in Vietnam", Environ. Technol (2014)[DOI]
  54. Vu, Q., "Effect of biogas technology on nutrient flows for small- and medium-scale pig farms in Vietnam", Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst, 94, pp.1~13 (2012)
  55. Survey on ompact assessment of climate change on livestock production, "Vu, T. K. V.", Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, ~ (2012)
  56. Vu, T. K. V., "Management model for assessment of nitrogen flow from feed to pig manure after storage in Vietnam", Environ. Technol, 33, pp.725~731 (2012)
  57. Vu, T. K. V., "A survey of manure management on pig farms in Northern Vietnam", Livest. Sci, 112, pp.288~297 (2007)
  58. Vu, T. K. V., "Prediction of manure nitrogen and carbon output from grower-finisher pigs", Anim. Feed Sci. Technol, 151, pp.97~110 (2009)
  59. Vu, V. T. K., "Effects of dietary crude protein and crude fiber levels on N and P excretion, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and greenhouse gases emission from slurry of growing pigs between 30-60 kg", AAAP conference (2012)
  60. Wang C. B., "Life cycle assessment of carbon emission from a household biogas digester: Implications for policy", Procedia Environ. Sci, 13, pp.778~789 (2012)
  61. Watanabe, T., "Measurement of ammonia volatilization from flooded paddy fields in Vietnam", Soil Sci. Plant Nutr, 55, pp.793~799 (2009)
  62. Webb, J., "Agroecology and Strategies for Climate Change", pp.67~107 (2012), Springer
  63. Yu, L., "Popularizing household-scale biogas digesters for rural sustainable energy development and greenhouse gas mitigation", Renew. Energy, 33, pp.2027~2035 (2008)
  64. Zhang, J., "Greenhouse gases and other airborne pollutants from household stoves in China: a database for emission factors", Atmos. Environ, 34, pp.4537~4549 (2000)

관련 논문AI추천

전과정평가 방법을 이용한 가축분뇨/음식폐기물 통합 소화형 바이오가스 시설의 온실가스 배출량 평가김창현, 남재작, 소규호, 윤영만, 이영행한국환경농학회 · 한국환경농학회지2008 · 제27권 제4호Biogas Production from Vietnamese Animal Manure, Plant Residues and Organic Waste: Influence of Biomass Composition on Methane YieldJ.M. Triolo, L. Pedersen, P.D. Le, S.G. Sommer, T.T.T. Cu, T.X. Nguyen, V.D. Le아세아·태평양축산학회 · Animal Bioscience2015 · 제28권 제2호Validation and Recommendation of Methods to Measure Biogas Production Potential of Animal ManureC.H. Pham, J.M. Triolo, L. Pedersen, S.G. Sommer, T.T.T. Cu아세아·태평양축산학회 · Animal Bioscience2013 · 제26권 제6호청정에너지농업시스템 개발에 따른 실증단지의 온실가스배출량 분석김태훈, 윤성이한국유기농업학회 · 한국유기농업학회지2015 · 제23권 제4호우분과 볏짚의 병합 혐기성 소화를 통한 메탄 생산에 대한 고찰조흠, 박소윤, 장정아, 조은혜, 홍진경한국환경농학회 · 한국환경농학회지2022 · 제41권 제2호Greenhouse gas emissions from livestock: sources, estimation, and mitigationEska Nugrahaeningtyas, Jong-Sik Lee, Kyu Hyun Park한국축산학회 · 한국축산학회지2024 · 제66권 제6호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (8건)

Selection for Duration of Fertility and Mule Duck White Plumage Colour in a Synthetic Strain of Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)C.H. Hsieh, C.W. Huang, Y.S. Cheng, H.C. Liu, J.F. Huang, S.R. Lee, H.L. Liu, R. Rouvier, J.P. Poivey, C. Tai, M.C. Huangpp. 605-611Animal Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Bulls (1/2 Purunã vs 1/2 Canchim) Slaughtered at 16 and 22 Months Old, and Three Different WeightsAdriana Aparecida Pinto, Mariana Garcia Ornaghi, Carlos Alberto Fugita, Carlos Emanuel Eiras, Jose Luiz Moletta, Dayane Cristina Rivaroli, Rodrigo Augusto Cortez Passetti, Ivanor Nunes do Pradopp. 612-619Identification and Antimicrobial Activity Detection of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Corn Stover SilageQingsheng Jin, Yimin Cai, Yanping Wang, Dongxia Li, Kuikui Ni, Huili Pangpp. 620-631Characteristics of Wet and Dried Distillers Grains on In vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Effects of Dietary Wet Distillers Grains on Performance of Hanwoo Steers오영균, 이상석, 김정훈, 이유경, 곽형준, 김일영, 박근규, 안규철pp. 632-638Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Supplementation and Anhydrous Ammonia Treatment of Wheat Straw on In-situ Degradability and, Rumen Fermentation and Growth Performance of Yearling LambsGulsah Yegenoglu Baykal, Yilmaz Sayan, Muazzez Comert, Hulya Ozelcampp. 639-646
원문 보기