손 근접성이 단서양상에 따라 과제전환 수행에 미치는 효과
Hand Proximity Effect on Task Switching Performance Through Cue Modality
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초록
본 연구는 손과 가까운 시각 정보의 처리 특성이 과제환에 미치는 향을 살펴보기 해 수행되었다. 최근 연구들은 손과 가깝게 제시된 정보에 한 인지통제가 향상됨을 보고하고 있다. 이러한 인지통제 향상효과를 손 근성 과 주의의 계를 통해 규명하고자 두 번의 실험을 실시하다. 그 결과 과제환 수행에서 단서와 목표자극의 감각양상 에 따라 손 근성의 효과가 달라짐을 찰할 수 있었다. 첫 번째 실험에서 손에 근한 자극에 한 환비용의 감소가 찰되었다. 선행 연구들에서 환비용의 감소원인으로 지목되었던 특징결합 문제를 제외시켰을 경우에도 동일한 결과가 찰되었다. 즉, 손 근성이 환비용을 감소시켰음을 검증할 수 있었다. 두 번째 실험에서는 손 근성 과 감각양상의 상호작용이 환비용에 미치는 향을 살펴보기 해 수행되었다. 과제환에서 목표자극은 시각으로 단서는 시각 는 청각으로 제시하고, 단서의 비성 효과를 찰하기 해 단서-목표자극 간격을 조변하다. 연구 결과 손에 근한 시각 단서는 과제 비 시간을 단축시켜 환비용을 감소시켰으나, 청각 단서의 경우 손에 근할 때 오히려 과제 비 시간이 더 오래 걸렸다. 시각 단서의 결과는 손에 근한 시각 정보에 한 신속한 주의정향으로 인한 이득으로 설명될 수 있다. 반면에 청각 단서에서 나타난 손실은 청각 단서와 시각 자극 간의 감각 간 환이 손 근성의 주의 범 고정 효과로 인해 방해된 결과로 해석될 수 있다. 마지막으로 손 근성의 주의효과로 인해 달라지는 환비용에 해 논의하다.
Abstract
The present study examined how processing features of visual information near the hand would affect task switching. Recent studies reported enhanced cognitive control of visual information presented the near hands. To investigate the enhancement of cognitive control based on the relationship between hand proximity and attention, we implemented 2 experiments. In the task switching performance experiment, the hand proximity effect depended on modality of cue and target. The first experiment showed that stimuli near the hand received greater cognitive control than stimuli far from the hand, resulting in smaller switch cost. The result could rule out the feature-binding problem, which identifies reduced switch cost as the cause instead of hand proximity. Our results show that hand proximity actually reduced switch cost. In the second experiment, we examined the effects of hand nearness, modality, and their interaction on switch cost. In task switching, the target was always visual, and the cue was presented either visually or auditorily. In addition, we manipulated the cue-target interval to observe the preparation effect of cue. The results showed that a visual cue near the hand reduced switch cost by shortening task preparation time. Also, modality switching between an auditory cue and visual target was remarkable in a hand-near condition. The results for the visual cue could be interpreted as a benefit of rapid visual attention orienting. On the other hand, the results for the auditory cue could be interpreted as the cost of interference of modality switching by slower attentional disengagement of stimuli near the hands. Finally, modulation of switch cost by attention induced by hand nearness was discussed.
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