다랑어지역수산관리기구(t-RFMO) 관할 수역 해양포유류의 어업 상호작용 현황 및 보존관리조치 비교 분석
Comparative Analysis of Marine Mammal-Fishery Interactions and Conservation Management Measures in the Convention Areas of Tuna Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (t-RFMOs)
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This study analyzes the evolution and current status of the international governance regime for marine mammal conservation, focusing on global frameworks. Recognizing fishery bycatch as the most pervasive and persistent anthropogenic threat to marine mammals, this study synthesized available scientific information on species distributions and conservation statuses within the Convention Areas of four tuna Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (t-RFMOs). The Marine mammal-relevant Conservation and Management Measures (CMMs) adopted by these t- RFMOs were comparatively assessed using a modified version of the five-category policy-maturity scoring framework (A–E) developed by Elliott et al. (2023), combined with unweighted normalized scores (0, 0.5, 1). Substantial regional heterogeneity and persistent institutional gaps were observed, including: (1) the near absence of quantitative bycatch or mortality limits for marine mammals outside the IATTC-Agreement on the International Dolphin Conservation Program purse-seine regime, and (2) limited CMM scope and weak, non-binding monitoring and reporting obligations for longline and gillnet fisheries, particularly in the Atlantic and Indian Ocean Convention Areas. This paper concludes that Korea, as a major distant-water fishing nation, can lead in strengthening RFMO CMMs and associated monitoring frameworks, thereby advancing marine mammal conservation and promoting co-production approaches in conservation design.
Abstract
This study analyzes the evolution and current status of the international governance regime for marine mammal conservation, focusing on global frameworks. Recognizing fishery bycatch as the most pervasive and persistent anthropogenic threat to marine mammals, this study synthesized available scientific information on species distributions and conservation statuses within the Convention Areas of four tuna Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (t-RFMOs). The Marine mammal-relevant Conservation and Management Measures (CMMs) adopted by these t- RFMOs were comparatively assessed using a modified version of the five-category policy-maturity scoring framework (A–E) developed by Elliott et al. (2023), combined with unweighted normalized scores (0, 0.5, 1). Substantial regional heterogeneity and persistent institutional gaps were observed, including: (1) the near absence of quantitative bycatch or mortality limits for marine mammals outside the IATTC-Agreement on the International Dolphin Conservation Program purse-seine regime, and (2) limited CMM scope and weak, non-binding monitoring and reporting obligations for longline and gillnet fisheries, particularly in the Atlantic and Indian Ocean Convention Areas. This paper concludes that Korea, as a major distant-water fishing nation, can lead in strengthening RFMO CMMs and associated monitoring frameworks, thereby advancing marine mammal conservation and promoting co-production approaches in conservation design.