기후환경에 따른 목조건축물의 피해 양상에 관한 연구

Abstract

This study aims to empirically analyze the damage patterns of wooden architectural heritage affected by climate and environmental changes, providing fundamental data for preservation and management. Recent cases of cultural heritage damage caused by heavy rain and wind disasters indicate a strong correlation with climate change. In this study, approximately 80 types of damage terminology were classified through the analysis of regular and intensive inspection reports from the National Heritage Administration, identifying major damage types such as cracking, decay, and deformation. In addition, temperature and humidity sensors were installed on an outdoor wooden architectural model to measure environmental variations under real conditions. The results revealed significant differences in relative humidity and temperature depending on the building orientation and measurement position, even within the same site. Although the relative humidity under the eaves rose up to 85% at night, it remained lower overall than that of the north and south façades. Furthermore, the north and south sides exhibited a longer moisture absorption period—about six hours more than under the eaves—maintaining wood moisture content and thus providing more favorable conditions for fungal growth. These findings suggest that site conditions and physical factors critically influence the deterioration of wooden heritage buildings. This study is significant in presenting an integrated approach that combines damage-type classification with climate data–based environmental measurements.