다문화 예비학교의 대상자 선정에 대한 연구: 중학교 장(場)의 특성을 중심으로
The Influence of Middle School Organizations on the Selection of Students in Preparatory Schools for Students with Immigrant Backgrounds Born outside of Korea
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본 연구는 다문화 예비학교 운영과정에서 나타난 학교라는 사회적 장(場)의 특성을 고찰하였다. 보다 구체적으로 예비학교를 직영하는 일반 중학교가 다문화 가정 중도 입국 자녀 중에서 예비학교 대상자를 어떠한 방식으로 결정하는지에 주목하였다. 본 연구는 다문화 예비학교와 관련된 다양한 양상을 보다 일반적이고 포괄적으로 이해하기 위해 기존의 설문조사를 참조하고 문헌연구를 수행하였다. 이를 통해 파악되지 않는 보다 개별적이고 고유한 양상에 대한 이해를 위해서는 참여관찰과 심층면담을 실시하였다. 그 결과 다문화 예비학교 대상자 결정의 과정에서 중학교 장(場)의 행위자들이 각자의 위치에서 어떠한 교섭을 행하는지를 기술함으로써 다문화 예비학교가 ‘학생 없는 학교’ 또는 ‘학생이 느는 학교’가 되어 가는 양상을 보이고자 하였다. 이 두 가지 사회적 산물이 중학교 장(場)에 생겨나게 된 원인으로 ‘선정의 논리’와 ‘수용의 태도’라는 운영과정의 특성이 있음을 밝힘으로써 그에 따라 다문화 가정 자녀들의 예비학교 접근성 또한 좌우되는 정책 실현 과정을 논의하였다.
Abstract
Purpose: This study explores the influence of middle school organizations on preparatory schools for students with immigrant backgrounds born outside of Korea. Design/methodology/data/approach: Participation observation, interviews, and archival research methods were employed to examine the dynamic process through which middle school administrators run preparatory schools for students with immigrant backgrounds born outside of Korea and select students who apply to preparatory schools. In this regard, one preparatory school was selected from each district. Findings/Results: The research findings detail how some preparatory schools for students with immigrant backgrounds became ‘schools without students’ and ‘schools in progress.’ The findings suggest that some middle school teachers negotiate with each other during the admissions process to determine the selection of students. Value: This study demonstrates how the concepts of ‘logic of selection’ and ‘attitude of acceptance’ are prevalent during the student selection process, and these concepts determine students' access to different preparatory schools.
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