Perceptions of newborn care among North Korean refugee women in South Korea: a qualitative study using focus group interview: comparison between pregnant and non-pregnant groups

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the in-depth perceptions of newborn care among North Korean refugee women through focus group interviews. This research aims to provide foundational data for developing newborn care education programs tai- lored for North Korean refugee women preparing for motherhood. Methods: This qualitative study employed focus groups to investigate perceptions of neonatal care among North Korean refugee women of childbearing age (20–45 years old). Conducted from August to September 2022, the sessions included five non-preg- nant women and four who were currently pregnant. Results: Both pregnant and non-pregnant women expressed ambivalent feelings, char- acterized by a blend of expectation and fear regarding childrearing. Pregnant women ar- ticulated specific parenting strategies and viewed childrearing as a more tangible re- sponsibility in light of physical changes and social isolation. In contrast, non-pregnant women expressed vague aversion and anxiety about the lack of information and support systems, stating that they could only endure childrearing with adequate external sup- port. Notably, pregnant women emphasized the psychological conflict stemming from disrupted self-realization and shifts in their identities as mothers. Conclusion: This study revealed differences in childrearing perceptions among North Korean refugee women based on their pregnancy status. It underscores the necessity for developing customized education programs that consider life stages and psychological readiness, as well as the importance of establishing social support systems