행위자 기반 도시모형의 장점 및 한계 분석에 관한 연구
A Study on the Strength and Limitation of Agent Based Urban Models
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초록
1960년대 이후 도시의 변화를 설명하고 도시계획 의사결정을 지원하기 위해 다양한 도시모형들이 개발되고 활용되어 왔다. 이와 같은 도시모형은 다양한 이론과 방법론에 기반을 두고 발전하였는데, 최근에는 도시를 구성하는 개별 행위주체의 의사결정행위에 중점을 두고 도시공간의 변화를 파악하고자 하는 행위자 기반 도시모형에 대한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 그러나 다양한 관점에서 연구되고 있는 행위자 기반 도시모형들의 특성과 한계를 파악할 수 있는 분석은 아직 미흡하다. 이에 본 연구는 행위자 기반 도시모형의 특성을 파악할 수 있는 논리적 틀을 정립하고 이를 통해 행위자 기반 도시모형의 연구동향을 분석하고 행위자 기반 도시모형의 장점과 한계를 도출하고자 한다. 이를 위해 먼저 도시모형의 전반적인 발전동향을 살펴봄으로써 행위자 기반도시모형의 위상과 일반적인 특성을 파악한 후, 모형의 존재론적 관점과 방법론점 관점으로 구분하여 분석틀을 정립하고, 이에 기반하여 각 개별 연구사례의 주요 특징을 분석하였다. 그리고 결론으로 도시공간의 변화를 연구하는 새로운 방법론으로서의 행위자 기반 도시모형의 장점과 한계를 제시하였다.
Abstract
Various types of urban models have been developed and used to support planning decision making since the 1960’s. In general, urban models have evolved from early static and aggregate models to recent dynamic and disaggregate ones. Particularly, agent based modelling approach is gaining popularity as a new way to study urban systems from such dynamic and disaggregate perspectives. The purpose of this study is to provide a framework to understand the characteristics of agent based urban models and their uses. To do so, this research starts with reviewing overall trends of urban modelling and explains the notions of agent based models. Then it analyses the cases of agent based urban models in the light of ontological and methodological view points. Based on such classifications, it examines the methodological characteristics of individual agent based modelling research. In the concluding section, the research discusses the strength and limitation of this new modelling approach for the study of urban systems and planning policy support.
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