복음주의 유산의 재발견 - 도널드 데이튼의 복음주의 역사서술을 중심으로
Rediscovering Evangelical Heritage —Based on Donald Dayton’s Historiography
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복음주의는 본질적으로 논쟁적인 개념이다. 일찍이 윌리엄 아브라함이 지적했듯이, 오늘날 복음주의란 용어는 서로 상이한 그룹들이자신들의 신앙적 정체성을 위해 사용하여 왔기 때문이다. 도널드데이튼은 웨슬리안 뿌리에서 기인한 19세기 복음주의 부흥운동의역동적 영성과 적극적 사회개혁 안에서 복음주의의 정수를 발견한다. 데이튼은 오늘날 신복음주의의 정치적 주도로 또한 사회적 상승을통해 성결-오순절 그룹들은 자신들의 이전의 역동적 정체성을 상실하고 있음을 비판하며 이전의 유산을 재발견해야 한다고 주장하였다. 본 논문은 데이튼의 복음주의 역사서술의 주요 논지와 핵심 주제를그의 삶의 발자취를 따라가며 분석하고 평가한다. 본 논문은 데이튼의제안을 통해 복음주의자들은 명목적인 신앙이 아닌, 또한 정통적이고안전한 교리를 수호하는 소극적 자세를 넘어, 하나님의 은총에 대한개인적 회심을 경험하고, 자신의 삶에서 복음을 전하는 열정을 실천하는 역동적인 운동임을 강조한다. 바로 이 점에서 데이튼의 패러다임안의 전통들에 속한 그리스도인들은 복음주의 논쟁을 통한 그의문제제기에 주의를 기울여야 할 이유가 있다.
Abstract
“Evangelicalism is essentially contested concept.” As William Abraham argued, scholars have debated on the historical identity on evangelicalism according to their different viewpoints. The debates are basically based on two paradigms to interpret American Evangelicalism: Reformed and Revivalistic traditions. The debate between Dayton and Marsden through the Christian Scholar’s Review in 1992, was a significant moment to define the nature and development of evangelicalism. This paper introduces basic ideas and value of Dayton's historiography for the better direction of evangelicalism, since he rediscover the "good old-old fashioned evangelical heritage" which were dominant in American religious life and were active in social reform such as abolition, early feminism, and preferential work for the poor. This tradition was rooted from Wesleyan Holiness movement and Finney's revivalism. Then it became the root of modern Pentecostalism. In these days, many scholars on Evangelicalism try to make a compromise between two paradigms. Yet, this ecumenical approach has a serious problem, especially for the Wesleyan and other revivalistic groups, because there is a danger to lose their own religious and theological identity. The balanced and fair compromise can be possible through the 178 신학과 선교 제47집continuing existence of confronting arguments like Dayton’s claim against the predominant presupposition. This paper concludes that the priority of evangelical Christianity is to spread the gospel (mission) toward the world, rather than to protect the genuine gospel (doctrine) from the world.
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