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잔여기준효율성 모형을 이용한 공공의료서비스의 효율성평가

Evaluating the Efficiency of Public Health Services Using the Nonoriented Slack-Based Model of Efficiency: With an Application to the Twenty-Five Districts of Seoul Metropolitan City

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주제분류행정학

초록

본 연구는 방사적 투입지향적 자료포락분석모형이나 산출지향적 자료포락분석모형을 사용하여 공공의료서비스의 효율성을 분석한 선행연구들을 개선하기 위하여 투입요소를 최소화하는 동시에 산출요소를 최대화할 뿐만 아니라 투입요소와 산출요소의 잔여(slacks)를 반영하여 효율성점수를 조정하는 비방사적 투입산출지향적 규모수익가변 잔여기준효율성모형을 사용하여 공공의료서비스의 효율성을 측정하는 한편 투입요소와 산출요소의 비효율성을 분해하고 규모효율성과 규모수익, 투입산출요소의 목표치와 비효율성의 규모, 비효율적인 공공의료기관들에 대한 준거집단 등을 제시했다. 본 연구의 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 공공의료서비스의 효율성을 분석하기 위해서는 투입요소를 최소화하는 동시에 산출요소를 최대화하는 투입산출지향적(nonoriented) 자료포락분석모형을 사용할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 투입요소와 산출요소의 잔여를 효율성점수에 반영하여 공공의료서비스의 효율성을 측정해야 한다. 셋째, 비효율적으로 나타난 일부 공공의료기관은 투입요소보다는 산출요소를 증가시키는 데 중점을 두어야 할 것이다. 넷째, 공공의료서비스의 기술적 순효율성을 높여야 할 것이다. 다섯째, 공공의료서비스의 규모효율성과 규모수익을 분석하여 비효율적인 공공의료기관이 최적규모에서 운영되도록 해야 할 것이다.

Abstract

Using the nonoriented variable returns to scale slack-based model of efficiency, which not only minimizes inputs and maximizes outputs, but also adjusts for efficiency scores by reflecting slacks in inputs and outputs, this study measured the technical efficiency of public health services with an application to the twenty-five districts of Seoul metropolitan city, decomposed inefficiencies in inputs and outputs, and suggested scale efficiency and returns to scale, target values and inefficient amounts of inputs and outputs, and reference groups for inefficient public health centers in order to improve limitations of previous studies having analyzed the efficiency of public health services through either the radial input-oriented or the radial output-oriented data envelopment analysis model. The implications of this paper are as follows. First, the nonoriented data envelopment analysis model that both minimizes inputs and maximizes outputs needs to be used for analyzing the efficiency of public health services. Second, the efficiency of public health services should be measured with slacks in inputs and outputs considered. Third, inefficient public health centers should put special importance on increasing outputs rather than inputs. Fourth, the pure technical efficiency of public health services needs enhancing. Fifth, inefficient public health centers should be operated at optimal scale through the analysis of scale efficiency and returns to scale.

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