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인지 스타일과 창의력

Cognitive Styles and Creativity

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초록

이 연구는 인지 스타일과 창의력 및 창의적 문제해결 사이의 기능적 관계를 밝히는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 먼저 인지 스타일에 관한 여러 연구들을 개관하고 이 분야의 발전경향과 가능한 전망들을 확인해 보았다. 인지 스타일이란 정보처리 방식에 대한 기질적인 선호로서 능력(지식)과 성격 사이의 인터페이스의 징검다리라 정의할 수 있다. 그런 다음 응용분야 스타일 연구들을 중심으로 인지/학습 스타일과 창의력 및 문제해결의 관계를 보다 자세하게 분석해 보았다. 여기서는 문제를 이해하고, 아이디어를 생성하고 그리고 새로운 해결책을 개발하고 실행하는데 스타일의 개인차가 어떠한 차별적 효과를 생산하고 있는지에 초점을 두고 있다. 그것은 ‘나는 얼마나 창의적인가?’가 아니라 나는 ‘어떻게?’ 창의적인가란 질문에 대답하는 것이 된다. 마지막으로 인지/학습 스타일은 타당한지, 그리하여 창의력 개발을 비롯한 여러 형태의 수업과 평가활동에 유용할 수 있는지를 연구들을 분석하며 탐색해 보았다. 이러한 종설과 분석을 기초하여 전체적으로 보면 인지 스타일은 창의력과 창의적 문제해결의 과정에 중요한 차별적인 기능을 작용할 수 있다는 가설을 수용할 수 있을 것 같이 보인다. 그러나 이러한 기능적 관계에 관한 보다 정확한 지식을 얻기 위해서는 추가의 연구들이 필요할 것이다.

Abstract

This study examined the functional relationships of the cognitive styles with creativity and problem solving. It initially reviewed and analyzed the current theories and models and advances in the field of the cognitive/learning styles and elucidated its trends and perspectives. Cognitive/ learning styles had been defined as a consistent preference for thinking and behaving in a certain way to process information about their environment. It could be conceived as bridge between ability(intelligence) and personality. Then, the study analyzed the style researches of the applied fields with special focus on its functional relationships with creativity and problem solving. The individual differences in styles might influence the way people understand problems, generate ideas and implement the solutions. Finally the study explored the validity question of usefulness of the construct to the instructions and assessments. Based on the analysis and critical examinations, it seemed that the hypothesis that cognitive styles might have a certain functional relationships with creativity and problem solving could be considerably well supported. However, it also appeared that further studies needed to yield more precise and systematic information about their functional relationships.

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