영산강수계 의료기원 방사성요오드(131I) 핵종의 분포 및 거동평가
The Distribution and Behavior of Medically-derived 131 I in the Yeongsan River Basin
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BACKGROUND: Recently, the use of 131 I for diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer has been increasing, and the radionuclide is continuously released into aquatic ecosystem. This study was carried out to investigate the 131 I concentrations in mainstreams, tributaries, and sewage wastewater treatment plants (SWTPs) of the Yeongsan River Basin and to identify their origins from the assessment of behaviors in the rivers. METHODS AND RESULTS: The water samples were collected from 19 sites including mainstreams (13), tributaries (4) and SWTPs (2). The 131 I concentration was measured using a gamma-ray spectrometry with a HPGe detector. The 131 I in SWTPs was detected mostly in the discharged effluent at the sampling sites. However, from the surface water of the rivers, 131 I was found only at two sites from each sampling period of the first (MS4 and MS10) and the second half (MS4 and MS7) of the year 2017. The concentrations of 131 I in the effluent discharged from SWTPs were in the range of 0.0870 to 3.87 Bq/L for SWTP1, and <MDC to 0.534 Bq/L for SWTP2. The concentrations of the isotope detected in surface water of the rivers were between 0.0908 to 0.174 Bq/L. The behavior assessment of 131 I in the river revealed that it was not detected in the upper streams of the mainstreams and tributaries, while continuous detection was found in the SWTPs and downstream sites affected by the effluent. However, the concentration of 131 I decreased downstream, eventually becoming undetectable. Such behavior was closely related to the behavior found in the SWTPs. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that medicallyderived 131 I was discharged to the river via sewage effluent at the SWTPs. It is necessary to evaluate the influence of aquatic ecosystems through continuous monitoring in the future.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recently, the use of 131 I for diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer has been increasing, and the radionuclide is continuously released into aquatic ecosystem. This study was carried out to investigate the 131 I concentrations in mainstreams, tributaries, and sewage wastewater treatment plants (SWTPs) of the Yeongsan River Basin and to identify their origins from the assessment of behaviors in the rivers. METHODS AND RESULTS: The water samples were collected from 19 sites including mainstreams (13), tributaries (4) and SWTPs (2). The 131 I concentration was measured using a gamma-ray spectrometry with a HPGe detector. The 131 I in SWTPs was detected mostly in the discharged effluent at the sampling sites. However, from the surface water of the rivers, 131 I was found only at two sites from each sampling period of the first (MS4 and MS10) and the second half (MS4 and MS7) of the year 2017. The concentrations of 131 I in the effluent discharged from SWTPs were in the range of 0.0870 to 3.87 Bq/L for SWTP1, and <MDC to 0.534 Bq/L for SWTP2. The concentrations of the isotope detected in surface water of the rivers were between 0.0908 to 0.174 Bq/L. The behavior assessment of 131 I in the river revealed that it was not detected in the upper streams of the mainstreams and tributaries, while continuous detection was found in the SWTPs and downstream sites affected by the effluent. However, the concentration of 131 I decreased downstream, eventually becoming undetectable. Such behavior was closely related to the behavior found in the SWTPs. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that medicallyderived 131 I was discharged to the river via sewage effluent at the SWTPs. It is necessary to evaluate the influence of aquatic ecosystems through continuous monitoring in the future.
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