Hearing Loss in the Elderly and Risk Factors Affecting the Condition of Hearing Loss Amongst the Elderly
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Background and Objectives Presbycusis, or age-related hearing loss, emerges as an un- avoidable consequence of aging, profoundly disrupting communication and diminishing qual- ity of life. This study seeks to delve into the nuanced characteristics of audiograms and identi- fy critical risk factors influencing presbycusis in individuals aged 60 years and above. Subjects and Method This study employs a comprehensive retrospective and prospective cross-sectional design to analyze presbycusis in 149 patients aged 60 years or older at the In- stitute of Biomedical Research in Ho Chi Minh City between January 2020 and August 2023. Results The mean age of participants was 74.3 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.44. Audiometric analyses revealed bilateral hearing loss in all participants, predominantly at grade 3 severity (47% of right ears, 51.7% of left ears). Sensorineural hearing loss was preva- lent in 75% of right ears and 77% of left ears, while the remaining cases presented with mixed hearing loss. Audiogram configurations were primarily flat patterns (53%-56%). A strong positive correlation was identified between advancing age and increasing severity of hearing loss. Furthermore, hearing impairment severity showed significant associations with comor- bid hypertension (22.8%), smoking history (16.8%) and female with maternal family history of hearing loss (11.4%), suggesting a higher likelihood of severe presbycusis. Conclusion The severity of hearing loss increases significantly in older patients. In addition to age-related degeneration, risk factors such as hypertension, tobacco use, and maternal famil- ial history in female patients further contribute to the progression and severity of presbycusis.
Abstract
Background and Objectives Presbycusis, or age-related hearing loss, emerges as an un- avoidable consequence of aging, profoundly disrupting communication and diminishing qual- ity of life. This study seeks to delve into the nuanced characteristics of audiograms and identi- fy critical risk factors influencing presbycusis in individuals aged 60 years and above. Subjects and Method This study employs a comprehensive retrospective and prospective cross-sectional design to analyze presbycusis in 149 patients aged 60 years or older at the In- stitute of Biomedical Research in Ho Chi Minh City between January 2020 and August 2023. Results The mean age of participants was 74.3 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.44. Audiometric analyses revealed bilateral hearing loss in all participants, predominantly at grade 3 severity (47% of right ears, 51.7% of left ears). Sensorineural hearing loss was preva- lent in 75% of right ears and 77% of left ears, while the remaining cases presented with mixed hearing loss. Audiogram configurations were primarily flat patterns (53%-56%). A strong positive correlation was identified between advancing age and increasing severity of hearing loss. Furthermore, hearing impairment severity showed significant associations with comor- bid hypertension (22.8%), smoking history (16.8%) and female with maternal family history of hearing loss (11.4%), suggesting a higher likelihood of severe presbycusis. Conclusion The severity of hearing loss increases significantly in older patients. In addition to age-related degeneration, risk factors such as hypertension, tobacco use, and maternal famil- ial history in female patients further contribute to the progression and severity of presbycusis.