산업별 디지털 전환 결정요인 사례연구
The case study of Digital Transformation Determinants in Industries
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초록
4차 산업혁명의 시대의 흐름과 COVID-19 인한 사회전반에 걸친 산업 환경 변화로 인해 국내에서도 디지털 전환이 전 산업 분야에서 빠르게 확산되고 있다. 기술 기반 사회에서 디지털 전환이 확산되는 과정에서 사회 혁신은 기술적 관점에서의 성숙도, 활용도 등 기술적 측면에서의 요소도 있지만, 기술을 활용하는 인적 측면에서의 수용성에 기반한다. 본 연구는 산업별 사례를 통해 디지털 전환의 성공요인과 실패요인, 세부요인에 대해 살펴보고 이를 통해 디지털 전환의 6가지 결정 요인들 즉 기술, 리더십, 변화관리, 역량, 지각된 위험, 실행의 영향분석 및 디지털 전환의 진행 단계를 확인하였다. 주요 산업 분야인 의료, 교육, 금융, 유통, 교통, 제조의 사례분석 및 연구조사를 통해, 디지털 전환의 주요 결정 요인은 변화관리, 규제, 비즈니스, 기술의 4가지로 요약된다. 성공적 디지털 전환은 확인된 결정요인들 즉 개인/조직은 ‘비즈니스’ 요인과 ‘기술’요인 수용단계를 거쳐, 사회/산업의 ‘변화관리’와 ‘규제’ 요인 영향에 따라 확산된다.
Abstract
Digital transformation plays a crucial role in the society aligned with the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the change under Covid19. Although there is also technological factors such as maturity and utilization from a technological perspective is the important ones but we aim to find out the detail factors of digital transformation in major industries as medical, distribution, public, education, transportation, finance, manufacturing to analyze the effect from the six representative determinants (technology, leadership, change management, capability, perceived risk, and implementation) of digital transformation in terms of acceptance. The success and failure factors have two types as the common factors, reflecting industrial characteristic factors. We conducted the determinant factors from the success and failure by integration of concepts and survey results. Using the case study method, we analyze the industrial cases by six representative determinants and find out the determinants’ influence, the steps to spread of digital transformation in personal and organization’s level. The results indicate the main determinants influenced on successful digital transformation are 4 factors as change management, technology, business, legal regulations. Digital transformation spreads according to the identified determinants, that is, individuals/organizations go through the stages of acceptance of ‘business’ and ‘technical’ factors, and the influence of ‘change management’‘regulatory’ factors in society/industry.
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