중국 소수민족 친족호칭어의 사회언어학적 연구 ― 중국⋅티베트어족(漢藏語系) 언어를 중심으로

Abstract

This study classified and analyzed kinship terms in Chinese ethnic minorities by type and presented their various cases. The overall results are as follows: First, how “gender” appears, which is the common property of kinship terms, was examined, and the languages that have different markers depending on the gender of listeners were most common. Also, some languages had kinship terminology that reflected both the genders of the speaker and the listener. Moreover, the language in which the kinship term of the listener is changed depending on the gender of the speaker was introduced. Second, this study looked at the languages with markers that indicate the elders and inferiors, focusing on some reference points (which may or may not be a speaker). In addition, languages with markers indicating “seniors” or “minors” were researched. Third, for the cases of using a single kinship term for different listeners, various types were examined, such as where there is no gender distinction, where age and generation are not distinguished, and where the ties of kinship and marital relationship are not distinguished. Fourth, languages with no distinction between the paternal and maternal lines were found, and such cases were introduced. Lastly, this study looked at the factors that affect kinship terms from a sociolinguistic perspective and the effects of language contact.