지구화와 지역사회의 문화적 실천 - 한․일 두 지역의 해양문화 비교연구 -

Abstract

The tendency of globalization of tradition cultures has been essentially increasing its focus on the logic of the practical economics rather than the understanding of them. This article focused on the creativity of the local communities to be formed by their cultural practices. Two communities in Korea and Japan as the cases has pursued the cross-border cultural solidarity in the basis of their respective ‘tradition' cultures. Even if this movement is related profoundly to a series of flows that the cultural identity and the cultural rights has been put forward to the spread of neoliberal economic globalization. it seems to need to precede the understanding of their local cultures in a social context. Specifically, the tradition cultures of Korean and Japanese fishery villages are the old rituals and customs in each region. Jeju island women divers(Jamsu or Haenyeo) in Korea has been performing Kut for their ancestor annually. This rituals is played upon the relation between ancestor and descendants. This ritual process symbolize that women diver have a fishing right. Their right is justified by practical actions, such as planting performance. In addition, the divers' fishery become a kind of resources distribution system in the village despite of very low productivity. Thus that divers' fishery forms a symbiotic relationship between the human and maritime resources. Neyako is a extended family system and custom of Toushi village in Japan. It's a economic impetus of village for the inhalation of young workforce and the succession by a generation. Old and young generations are bounded by Neyako and they are organized the several fishing groups. Therefore they have the multifold relation with each others. Also they are playing lion-dance for a large catch in the traditional rituals(Hatsuman-matsuri) annually. The maritime cultures of two regions has been practicing on the foundation of the cultural logics of their communities. So we can find a social value toward the symbiotic relationship. Importantly, even though the tradition cultures is reconsidered by globalization flow, the local communities have created a sustainable way of life by their cultural logics.