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생성형 인공지능 도입에 따른 디자이너 직무 변화와 직업 인식의 재구성

The Impact of Generative AI on the Transformation of Designer Roles and the Reconfiguration of Professional Identity

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초록

본 연구는 생성형 인공지능(Generative AI)의 발전이 기업 내 디자이너의 직무와 직업 인식에 미치는 영향을 탐구하고자 한다. 4차 산업혁명의 일환으로 등장한 생성형 인공지능은 디지털 플랫폼과 크라우드소싱을 통한 혁신적인 비즈니스 모델을 도입하며 노동 시장에 큰 변화를 가져왔다. 특히, ChatGPT와 같은 텍스트 생성 인공지능 및 DALL·E, 미드저니와 같은 이미지 생성 인공지능의 등장은 전통적인 디자이너의 역할에 심대한 영향을 미치고 있다. 본 연구는 생성형 인공지능의 도입으로 인한 디자이너의 직무 변화와 이에 대한 디자이너들의 인식을 조사하고, 이로 인한 직업 불안정성과 취업자로서의 사회적 정체성, 직무 수행 및 조직적 선제성에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 이를 위해 설문조사를 실시하여 데이터 수집 및 구조 방정식 모델링(SEM)을 활용한 분석을 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 생성형 인공지능의 도입은 디자이너의 직무 불안정성을 증가시키며, 이는 취업자로서의 사회적 정체성 및 직무 수행에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 디자이너의 직무 환경 변화를 이해하고, 생성형 인공지능 시대에 대비한 직무 설계 및 인적 자원 관리 방안을 모색하는 데 기여할 것이다.

Abstract

This study explores the impact of Generative AI advancements on the job roles and perceptions of designers within companies. As part of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Generative AI introduces revolutionary business models through digital platforms and crowd sourcing, significantly transforming the labor market. The emergence of text-generating AI such as ChatGPT and image-generating AI like DALL·E and MidJourney has profoundly affected traditional designer roles. This research examines how the introduction of Generative AI influences designers' job roles and their perceptions, and analyzes the impact on job insecurity, social identity, job performance, and organizational proactivity. A survey was conducted to collect data, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed for analysis. The findings indicate that the adoption of Generative AI increases job insecurity among designers, which negatively affects their social identity and job performance. This study contributes to understanding the changing work environment for designers and proposes job design and human resource management strategies for the Generative AI era.

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