예비교원의 비교과활동 및 사고력 중심 학습활동 참여가 STEAM 교수역량에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Pre-service Teachers’ Participation in Extracurricular Activities and Thinking-centered Learning Activities on STEAM Teaching Competency
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본 연구는 예비교원의 STEAM 교수역량에 관련된 요인을 분석하고, 교원교육 차원에서 어떻게 STEAM 교수역량을 강화해야 할지 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 STEAM 교수역량을 이론적 지식차원에서 접근했던 기존의 연구에서 나아가서, 사고방법 및 태도 그리고 실천적 측면에서 STEAM 교수역량을 탐색하고자 하였다. 예비교원의 STEAM 교수역량을 예측하는 요인으로 학습자 배경요인, 비교과활동 그리고 사고력 중심 학습활동 참여의 세 가지를 선정하여, 이들 간의 영향력을 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 수도권 및 지방의 4개 대학(사범대학 2, 교원대학 2)의 예비교원 238명을 대상으로 설문을 수집하였다. 연구문제를 검증하기 위해, Welch-Asprin Test, Kruskal-Wallis H Test, 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 학습자 배경요인(성별, 학년, 전공계열, STEAM 교육과정 이수경험)에 따른 STEAM 교수역량은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 또한 STEAM 교수역량에 비교과활동 중 다양한 배경의 학생간 교류, 학습스터디 활동과 수업 중 학습활동만이 STEAM 교수역량에 유의한 예측력을 보였으며, 비교과활동이 사고력 중심 학습활동보다 높은 예측력을 보여주었다. 반면, 비교과활동 중 학교 외 활동과 관련된 자기계발 활동, 대외경험은 유의미하지 못하였다. 분석된 연구결과를 바탕으로 예비교원의 STEAM 교수역량 증진을 위한 교원교육의 개선방안을 제안하였다.
Abstract
Teachers’ STEAM teaching competency determines the success of the STEAM curriculum. The purposes of this study are to analyze factors related to pre-service teachers’ STEAM teaching competency and to identify how to strengthen their STEAM teaching competency in teacher education. While the existing literature has considered STEAM teaching competency as theoretical knowledge, this study explored STEAM teaching competency in the aspects of thinking, attitudes, and practices. Three factors that predict pre-service teachers’ STEAM teaching competency were examined: learners’ backgrounds, participation in extracurricular activities, and participation in thinking-centered learning activities. This study collected data from 238 pre-service teachers from four universities in the Seoul metropolitan area. Welch-Asprin Test, Kruskal-Wallis H Test, and multiple regression analysis were conducted to verify the research questions. Results indicate that there was no statistically significant difference in the STEAM teaching competency in terms of learners’ background factors (i.e., gender, grade, major, and experience with the STEAM curriculum). In addition, only student interactions, study group activities, and learning activities in class showed significant predictive power on STEAM teaching competency. Participation in extracurricular activities showed higher predictive power than participation in thinking-centered learning activities. However,self-development activities and out-of-school activities were not significant factors. Drawn from the key findings, we suggest some directions and strategies for improving pre-service teachers’ STEAM teaching competency in teacher educationprograms.
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