영재교육 패러다임의 변화와 전망 - 탁월한 성취 패러다임 -
The change and prospect of paradigm in gifted education: eminent achievement paradigm
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패러다임이란 어떤 학문분야에서 생각하고, 느끼고, 행동하는 것을 지배하는 사고 또는 실행 시스템을 의미한다. 10년이 넘은 우리나라 영재교육에 있어서도 영재교육에 관한 패러다임에 대한 통찰이 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 영재교육에 대한 세가지 패러다임을 통찰하여 정립하고, 영재교육의 지속가능한 발전을 위해 미래의 영재교육패러다임을 제시하고자 하였다. 영재교육의 비전과 패러다임 설정을 위해 “기본가정”, “교육 목적”, “영재 선발”, “교수전략”의 네 가지 분석틀에 기초하여, 지금까지의 영재교육의 패러다임의 변화를 (1) 영재 판별 패러다임, (2) 영재 재능계발 패러다임, (3) 영재 차별화 패러다임으로 구분하였다. 이후 세 가지 패러다임이 갖는 한계점을 발견하고 새로운 영재교육의 패러다임으로서 탁월한 성취를 보인 사람들에 대한 집중 연구를 통해 이런 탁월한 성취를 이룬 사람들이 계속적으로 나타날 수 있게 하는 “영재 탁월한 성취 패러다임” 연구가 차기 영재교육의 패러다임이 될 것으로 제언하였다.
Abstract
The term paradigm means a system of thought or practice that controls thinking, feeling, and doing in an academic field. In gifted education over 10 years in Korea, it can be important to gain the insight into the paradigm of gifted education. Thus, the purpose of this study is to have an insight and establish three kinds of paradigms of gifted education, and then present a prospective paradigm for the sustainable development of gifted education. To set up a paradigm and a vision, we describe the paradigm shift in gifted education as three paradigms. (1) identification paradigm, (2) talent development paradigm, and (3) differentiation paradigm, based on comparative analysis of the four framework, "basic assumptions", "educational purposes", "selection", "teaching strategies". We compare and contrast three paradigms and find some limits of these paradigms. Finally, we propose Eminent Achievement Paradigm for future study that continues to assist exceptional people to achieve their accomplishments through intensive researches on people with eminent achievements in history.
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