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종양면역치료: 중세 암흑시대에서 르네상스시대로

Cancer Immunotherapy: The Dawn of the Renaissance after the Medieval Dark Ages

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초록

Cancer immunotherapy has come a long way since William Coley observed that a mixture of killed bacteria, or Coley’s toxin, inducedtumor regression. However, enthusiasm for cancer immunotherapy has changed to skepticism over recent decades due to itslack of efficacy, inconsistency, and significant toxicity. Of course, much of that skepticism was the result of a lack of understandingof the immune system. The recent expansion of our understanding of immunity and immune system and the success of new cancerimmunotherapies has raised hope that we can treat cancer effectively via immunotherapy or combination approach using immunotherapyand other cancer therapies. Indeed, there is no doubt that cancer immunotherapy is experiencing a renaissance. Here,I will briefly review the current status of various immunotherapies, including cytokine therapy, antibody therapy, cancer vaccines,and adoptive cell therapy, and then I will summarize the results of recent clinical trials using anti-immune checkpoint monoclonalantibodies.

Abstract

Cancer immunotherapy has come a long way since William Coley observed that a mixture of killed bacteria, or Coley’s toxin, inducedtumor regression. However, enthusiasm for cancer immunotherapy has changed to skepticism over recent decades due to itslack of efficacy, inconsistency, and significant toxicity. Of course, much of that skepticism was the result of a lack of understandingof the immune system. The recent expansion of our understanding of immunity and immune system and the success of new cancerimmunotherapies has raised hope that we can treat cancer effectively via immunotherapy or combination approach using immunotherapyand other cancer therapies. Indeed, there is no doubt that cancer immunotherapy is experiencing a renaissance. Here,I will briefly review the current status of various immunotherapies, including cytokine therapy, antibody therapy, cancer vaccines,and adoptive cell therapy, and then I will summarize the results of recent clinical trials using anti-immune checkpoint monoclonalantibodies.

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