해외 스토킹 처벌법 입법례 관련 시행효과 및 시사점
Implementation Effects and Implications related to Legislation as to Foreign Stalking Punishment Act
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초록
지난해 부터 코비드로 인한 거리두기가 조금씩 완화되면서 사회적 약자를 대상으로하는 그리고 재범우려가 높은 스토킹 범죄가 늘어나고 있다. 2022년 9월 14일 21시경 서울 지하철 2호선 신당역 여자화장실에서 31세 남성 전주환이 서울교통공사 입사 동기였던 28세 여성 역무원을 흉기로 잔인하게 살해한 사건이 일어났다. 가해자 전주환이피해자를 불법촬영 스토킹한 혐의로 피소, 직위해제된 후 1심 선고를 단 하루 앞두고일어난 살인 사건이었다. 9월 29일 가해자 전주환은 신당역 살인사건과 별도로 스토킹및 불법촬영 혐의에 대하여 1심 징역 9년형을 선고 받았다. 대한민국에서는 지난 2021 년 4월 20일 「스토킹처벌법」이 제정되면서, 스토킹 행위의 가해자들은 최대 징역 5년또는 5천만 원의 벌금으로 처벌받게 되어있다. 하지만 피고인 전씨의 경우에는, 수사가진행되고 있음에도 불구하고 그리고 수차례 반성문을 제출하고도 제출한 반성문의 내용과는 상반되게 피해자를 재차 찾아가 추가적인 범행을 저지른 점을 감안하여 일반적인 형보다 높은 형의 선고가 내려졌다. 피고인 전씨의 살인사건은 별도로 진행이 될것이다. 다행히 스토킹 처벌법이 작년 2021년에 통과가 되어 가해자 전씨는 마땅히 받아야할 처벌을 받을 수 있었다. 하지만, 그럼에도 불구하고, 현 대한민국의 스토킹 처벌법에는 안타깝게도 긴급응급조치와 잠정조치로 제한되어 규정되어 있기 때문에 실질적인 피해자 보호가 부족할 수 있다는 지적을 받아 왔다. 이는 바로 보다 나은 실질적인 그리고 효과적인 스토킹 관련 입법 및 정책이 필요하단 것을 의미할 수 있다. 이러한 보다 나은 대한민국의 스토킹 관련 입법 및 정책과제의 바른 방향을 제시해 보기위해 국제사회내 스토킹 범죄의 심각성, 대한민국 스토킹처벌법에 대한 검토, 국가별스토킹 처벌법 관련 입법 정책 및 그 시행효과에 대해 같이 살펴보고자 한다.
Abstract
Since last year, as distance due to Covid has gradually eased, stalk ing crimes targeting the underprivileged have been gradually been incre asing. On September 14, 2022, a 31-year-old male Ju-hwan Jeon brut ally murdered a 28-year-old female station employee with a deadly w eapon in the women's bathroom at Sindang Station. It was a murder ca se that took place just a day before the first trial after the defendant J eon was accused of stalking the victim for illegal filming, which he was sentenced to 9 years for that in prison on September 29th apart from t he Sindang Station murder case. In Republic of Korea, as the "Stalking Punishment Act" was enacted on April 20, 2021, perpetrators of stalkin g are punished up to 5 years in prison or a fine of 50 million won. Ho wever, in the case of the defendant Jeon, despite the ongoing investigation and despite the fact that he had submitted several statements of a pology, he went to the victim again and committed additional crimes, w hich is why he was sentenced higher than the usual sentence. Murder c ase of the defendant Jeon will proceed separately. Fortunately, as the s talking punishment law was passed in 2021, defendant Jeon was able to receive the punishment he deserved. However, despite, it has been poin ted out that realistic effective protection of victims is not enough yet b ecause the current Korean stalking punishment law is unfortunately limi ted to emergency and provisional measures. This could mean that bette r practical and effective stalking legislation and policies are indispensabl e. In order to present a better direction for Korea's stalking-related le gislation and policy tasks, the paper will look at the seriousness of stal king crimes within the international community, current Anti-Stalking L aw in Korea, and the legislative policies related to stalking punishment laws by respective countries and their implementation effects.
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