17세기 지리산권의 小氷期 現象과 사회ㆍ경제적 양상

Abstract

This essay is about Little Ice Age phenomenon shown in the Mt. Jiri region and its social and economic aspect in the 17th century. In the 17th century, hail was witnessed for the whole period in the Mt. Jiri region and which caused tremendous damage to farming. Damages by flood and drought also were continuously appeared. From 1658 until 1690's, unseasonably cool temperature of little ice age had been come up noticeably in the Mt. Jiri region, and in particular, its damage was very severe at the end of 17th century. Such unusually cold temperature phenomenon of Mt. Jiri in the 17th century has been remembered in the contemporary age or next generation, having reflected in many travel books about Mt. Jiri. In addition, the government's people relief measures to the gigeun and infection of Mt. Jiri region were not much different from other regions. However, the fact that Yeoje (one of ancestral rites) was placed in Jinju and Namwon cities was related to Mt. Jiri. While there were many drifting people in Namwon located in the Mt. Jiri region during Gyeongsin Dae Gigeun (a severe famine period), Jinju was in relatively better condition to the extent that it was able to stock up grain provided for relief and famine in 1669. However, drafting people from other provinces has sharply increased even in Jinju so that it caused huge social problems such as theft and infectious diseases. Accordingly, it is considered that this might be one of causes having Jinju regarded as diseased town or dead place. Drought damages, famine and contagious diseases in the Mt. Jiri region have been getting worse at the end of 17th century. Unfortunately, however, the government's relief measures on that were not different from previous times or other regions. IN other words, it just managed to relive the starving people. But Unbong luckily has benefitted from tax exemption. In conclusion, Mt. Jiri region in little ice age was full of starving and drifting people in the 17th century and some of these were likely to become thieves. This is well noticeable by the case that both Ak-yang and Hwa-gae, located in the south of Mt. Jiri, were considered as a den of thieves. Also it was the reason that those who are appointed as a governor of county have avoided Jinju. Besides, as epidemic diseases have been prevalent in Jinju area due to a famine by little ice age, the city came to be badly regarded as diseased town or dead place. Cities of Jinju, Macheon and Umcheon in the Mt. Jiri region have significantly suffered from conflict with the Central Government in terms of installation of Gyeongsangwoobyeongyeong, Dunjeon (land assigned for raising operation cost) and heavy tax in the 17th century, which is well known by the appeals of government officials. An extreme famine occurred by little ice age at the end of 17th century has made martial arts instruction books spread and caused resistance from thieves playing across Mt. Jiri. Accordingly, Mt. Jiri has been perceived as an ideal place to stay for social revolution based on its geographical advantage.