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여자 대학생의 비자살적 자해 유지에 대한 사례연구: 생물심리사회모델을 중심으로

A Case Study on Non-suicidal self-injury in Female College Students using a Biopsychosocial Model

이동훈|김지윤|조영희
한국상담심리학회 (Korean Counseling Psychological Association)|2021.02|한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료 (Korean Journal Of Counseling And Psychotherapy)|제33권 제1호|pp. 29-60

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대학생College StudentsCase Study사례 연구생물심리사회적 모델비자살적 자해 유지자Individuals who have Stopped Non-Suicidal Self-Injury
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 현재 비자살적 자해를 유지하고 있는 대학생을 대상으로 자해의 경험과 의미를 이해하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 최근 12개월 이내에 자해를 한 경험이 있는 4명의 대학생을 대상으로 심층 면담을 실시하여, Creswell(2013)의 사례연구방법으로 분석하였다. 연구결과는 생물심리사회적 모델(biopsychosocial model)에 근거하여 생물학적, 심리학적, 사회학적 접근에 따라 비자살적 자해를 유지하는 대학생들의 경험을 이해해보고자 하였다. 그 결과 3개의 차원, 17개의 공통주제와 46개의 개별주제가 도출되었다. 첫째, 생물학적 요인으로 정신과적 진단을 동반, 통증 민감성의 감소, 내인성 진통제의 역할로 나타났다. 둘째, 심리학적 요인 중 인지적 차원으로는 평소 인지방식과 평소 자해평가, 자해 후 생각을 확인하였고, 정서적 차원으로는 연구 참여자들의 평소 정서처리방식과 자해를 촉발하는 부정정서 그리고 자해 후 정서를 확인하였으며, 행동적 차원으로는 간접 자해, 자해 준비 및 실행, 자해 후 처치행동에 대해 살펴보았다. 셋째, 사회적 요인으로 연구 참여자들의 비수용적 가정환경과 과거력, 자해를 촉발하는 환경, 강점 및 자산, 자해 노출을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 논의하였고, 연구의 시사점 및 제한점을 제시하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to understand the experience and meaning of self-injury among college students who maintain non-suicidal self-injury. For this purpose, 4 college students were interviewed and were analyzed using the case study. The results of this study were analyzed based on a biopsychosocial model. First, biological factors included psychiatric diagnosis, decreased pain sensitivity, and the role of endogenous analgesics. Second, in the cognitive factors, the cognitive level, the usual self-injury evaluation, and self-injury thoughts were identified. On the emotional factors, the participants' usual emotional treatment method, the negative emotions that triggered self-injury and the emotions after self-injury were identified. behaviors factors, indirect self-injury, self-injury preparation and implementation, and post-self-treatment behavior were examined. Third, as a social factor, we identified the non-acceptive home environment, past history, and the environment, strengths and assets, and self-injury exposure of participants. The implications and limitations of these results are discussed.

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