An Analysis of the Trajectory of Political Decentralization in India: Special Reference to the Changing Dynamics of Party System
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This paper examines the trajectory of political decentralization in India from the perspective of the changing dynamics of the Indian party system. In doing so, this study first engages with an academic discourse on decentralization, which highlights that the upward trend of decentralization in India can be found in the less frequent use of the President’s Rule. Borrowing insights from above scholarly notion, this study demonstrates that whereas India witnessed a downward trajectory of political decentralization in 1970s and 1980s, there has been an emergence of a new type of development in the post-1990s period, which marked the upward trajectory of political decentralization in this country. What is responsible for this change? In order to offer a parsimonious explanation, this study exclusively focuses on one independent variable, that is the changing dynamics of the Indian party system and argues that there are two developments that contributed to this change: end of one-party dominant system and rise of regional parties. More specifically, it points out that whereas the breakdown of the one-party dominant system in the late 1980s ended the centralization of the Indian federal system, the rise of regional parties in the later period paved the way for the upward trajectory of the political decentralization process.
Abstract
This paper examines the trajectory of political decentralization in India from the perspective of the changing dynamics of the Indian party system. In doing so, this study first engages with an academic discourse on decentralization, which highlights that the upward trend of decentralization in India can be found in the less frequent use of the President’s Rule. Borrowing insights from above scholarly notion, this study demonstrates that whereas India witnessed a downward trajectory of political decentralization in 1970s and 1980s, there has been an emergence of a new type of development in the post-1990s period, which marked the upward trajectory of political decentralization in this country. What is responsible for this change? In order to offer a parsimonious explanation, this study exclusively focuses on one independent variable, that is the changing dynamics of the Indian party system and argues that there are two developments that contributed to this change: end of one-party dominant system and rise of regional parties. More specifically, it points out that whereas the breakdown of the one-party dominant system in the late 1980s ended the centralization of the Indian federal system, the rise of regional parties in the later period paved the way for the upward trajectory of the political decentralization process.
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