Factors Affecting Infrastructure Connectivity: An Indian and Vietnamese Perspective
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Infrastructure connectivity plays an important role in Vietnam and India’s trade promotion, and international economic development and cooperation. Vietnam and India have become comprehensive strategic partners since 2016. In its “Act East” Policy, India considered Vietnam as a crucial destination for infrastructure development, trading and investment projects as well as a bridge to connect India with the Southeast Asia region. The article presents direct factors affecting infrastructure connectivity between India and Vietnam, in different aspects including geography and nature; politics and diplomacy; finance and economics; institutional policies and regulations; society and people; and infrastructure. From analyzing these factors, it can be seen that the harmonious diplomatic relations, stable internal politics and the increase in cooperation between Vietnam and India in various fields contribute to ensuring Vietnam - India infrastructure connectivity cooperation. A young, highly skilled workforce and a strong culture of integration also create favorable conditions for infrastructure connectivity between the two countries. However, the remote geographical distance, the limited economic resources, the relative disparity in the level of development of hard and soft infrastructure as well as the limited institutional capacity of each country create certain barriers. Due to the delay in decision-making and planning between the two countries, no direct projects between the two countries have been implemented so far. Currently, it is only possible to place the Vietnam - India infrastructure connectivity projects in the ASEAN - India infrastructure connectivity network, but most of these projects also stop at drafting and planning phase. Therefore, the infrastructure connectivity between Vietnam and India needs to overcome many barriers to achieve certain results.
Abstract
Infrastructure connectivity plays an important role in Vietnam and India’s trade promotion, and international economic development and cooperation. Vietnam and India have become comprehensive strategic partners since 2016. In its “Act East” Policy, India considered Vietnam as a crucial destination for infrastructure development, trading and investment projects as well as a bridge to connect India with the Southeast Asia region. The article presents direct factors affecting infrastructure connectivity between India and Vietnam, in different aspects including geography and nature; politics and diplomacy; finance and economics; institutional policies and regulations; society and people; and infrastructure. From analyzing these factors, it can be seen that the harmonious diplomatic relations, stable internal politics and the increase in cooperation between Vietnam and India in various fields contribute to ensuring Vietnam - India infrastructure connectivity cooperation. A young, highly skilled workforce and a strong culture of integration also create favorable conditions for infrastructure connectivity between the two countries. However, the remote geographical distance, the limited economic resources, the relative disparity in the level of development of hard and soft infrastructure as well as the limited institutional capacity of each country create certain barriers. Due to the delay in decision-making and planning between the two countries, no direct projects between the two countries have been implemented so far. Currently, it is only possible to place the Vietnam - India infrastructure connectivity projects in the ASEAN - India infrastructure connectivity network, but most of these projects also stop at drafting and planning phase. Therefore, the infrastructure connectivity between Vietnam and India needs to overcome many barriers to achieve certain results.
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