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인도 문화가 창업 동기 및 의도에 미치는 영향 분석

The Effect of Indian Cultural Effect on the Motive and Intention of Entrepreneurships for the Venture Start-up

고태진|이순철
인도연구소 (Institute of Indian Studies)|2022.08|남아시아연구 (Journal of South Asian Studies)|제28권 제2호|pp. 41-81|DOI 10.21587/jsas.2022.28.2.002

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참고문헌

키워드

India인도Venture Start-up문화적 요인창업 동기창업 의도벤처창업본켄 모델Cultural factorVenture MotiveVenture IntentionBouncken Model
주제분류지역학

초록

본 연구는 통합적 변수의 효과를 각 문화적 개별 요인으로 분리하여, 문화적 요인과 창업 동기 및 의도와의 상관관계 그리고 본켄(Bouncken et al., 2009)의 연구결과와의 차이에 대하여 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 인도 델리에 거주하고 있는 인도인 126명을 대상으로 변수에 따른 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 분석에 따르면, 권력거리는 창업 동기 및 창업 의도 와의 관계가 이론적 배경과 일치하지 않았고, 집단주의는 일부요인이 창업 동기와의 관계에서 이론적인 예상과 일치하지 않는 결과가 제시되었고, 창업의지와는 명확한 관계가 나타나지 않았으며, 개인주의는 혼자 일하는 것을 선호하는 문화적 요인을 제외하고는 창업 동기 및 창업의지와의 관계에서 이론과는 일치하지 않는다는 결과가 도출되었다. 그러나 창업 동기와 창업 의도 간에는 이론적 배경과는 상반된 결과가 나타났다. 그리고 개별적 특성요인 중에서 교육수준, 종교, 특히 소득이 창업 동기 및 의도와 높은 상관관계가 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구는 문화적 요인이 창업 동기와 의도 분석에서는 통합적 요인 분석보다는 개별적 요인 분석이 요구됨을 제시하고자 하였다.

Abstract

This study analyzes how individual cultural factors correlate with the motive and intention of venture start-ups, and how results could differ from that of Bouncken et al (2009) which used aggregated cultural factors. Numeric data was collected in a questionnaire survey from 126 Indians in India. The results show that the relationship between power distance and the motive and intention of start-ups is inconsistent with the theoretical prediction. Some factors of collectivism show discrepancies in the theoretically predicted relationship with the motive of start-ups. Additionally, there is an unclear relationship between collectivism and the intention of start-ups. Except for a cultural factor that favors working alone, individualism reveals the relationship with the motive and intention of venture start-up which is not the same as what the theory predict. First of all, the relationship between the motivation for starting a business and the intention to start a business reveal totally opposite relationships from what was predicted in the theory. In addition, among individual characteristics, education level, religion, and income in particular are found to be highly correlated with both the motivation and intention to start a business. These findings suggest that this line of study requires an individual factor analysis rather than an integrated factors analysis to measure the effect of cultural factors on the motive and intention of entrepreneurship. The findings also suggest that for these analyses, very delicate theoretical frames and analytical models are needed.

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