Inclusivism: the Enduring Vedic Vision in the Ever-Renewing Cosmos
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초록
본 논문은 힌두교가 과연 하나의 종교로서 성립가능한가에 대한 학계의 논쟁을 검토하고 힌두교를 하나로 묶는 기준으로 포괄주의(inclusivism)적인 사고방식을 제시하고 분석하였다. 폴 해커(Paul Hacker)에 의해 인도 사상의특징적인 경향으로 지목된 포괄주의의 구조를 분석함으로서 그것이 단순히 단편적인 현상들에 공통적으로 보이는 피상적인 요소가 아니라 베다의 우주 창조 신화와 브라만들의 제식에서 기원한 인도 사유를 규정하는 틀거리임을 밝혔다. 그리고 이러한 포괄주의적 틀 속에서 인도의 지식 체계가 발전하였음을관련 선행 연구를 토대로 보임으로서 인도에서 진리가 천명되고 재확인되는과정과 서로 다른 종교 간의 이해 방식을 연구함에 있어 베다의 세계관의 확장인 포괄주의적 태도에 대한 분석이 핵심적임을 보이고자 하였다.
Abstract
This paper seeks to define a unifying vision of Hinduism from within the tradition and claims that this vision is inclusivistic. By reviewing scholarly discussions on inclusivism, the singularity/plurality of Hinduism, and the timelessness feature of Sanskrit literature, the paper analyzes how truth claims were made in ancient India and identifies a possible provenance of inclusivism in the role of Brahmins who regularly emulated the Creator god Prajāpati. Considering the influence of Vedic ritualistic culture on the perception of truth and otherness, the “real extension of the Veda,” despite its seeming neglect in the tradition, should be appreciated for providing Indian intellectuals with a paradigmatic framework of knowledge throughout history.
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